Champagne 2 Flashcards
1914 and 1915 are know as what vintages in Champagne?
The blood vintages due to World War 1
Clos d’ Ambonnay
Ambonnay, Krug, Reims
Clos l’ Abbe
Cramant, Champagne Hubert Soreau, Cramant
Clos de l’ Aurore
Ville- Dommange, Champagne Bergeronneau- Marion, Ville- Dommange
Clos Cazals
Oger, Champagne Claude Cazals, Le Mesnil- sur- Oger
Clos des Champions
Cumieres, Champagne Lecletc Briant, Epernay
Clos des Chaulins
Pargny- Les- Reims, Champagne Medot, Reims
Clos des Faubourgs de Notre Dame
Vertus, Champagne Verve Fourny, Vertus
Clos des Goisses
Mareuil- sur- Ay, Philiponnat, Mareuil- sur- Ay
Clos Jacquesson
Dizy, Jacquesson, Dizy
Clos du Moulin
Chigny- Les- Roses, Cattier, Chigny- Les- Roses
Le Petit Clos
Bouzy, Champagne Jean Vesselle, Bouzy
Clos des Plant de Chenes
Moussy, Champagne Jose Michel and Fils, Moussy
Clos Saint- Hilaire
Mareuil- sur- Ay, Billecart Salmon, Mareuil- sir- Ay
Clos Sainte- Sophie
Montgueux, Champagne Lassaigne, Montgueux
Clos Virgile
Beaumont- sur- Vesle, Champagne Portier, Beaumont- sur- Vesle
Clos Saint- Jacques and Clos Chaudes
Mareuil- sur- Ay, Bollinger, Ay
The two Clos, which are planted with ungrafted vines planted in the old system called en folle as opposed to trellised rows are combined to produce the Champagne Vielles Vignes Francaises
Champagne AOP
Coteaux Champenois AOP (Départements: Aisne, Haute- Marne, Marne, Seine- et- Marne)
Rose des Riceys AOP (Communes of Production: Les Riceys)
Champagne AOP (Départements: Aube, Aisne, Marne, Haute- Marne, Seine- et- Marne)
Montagne de Reims- Grand Cru Villages:
Sillery Puisieulx Beaumont- Sur- Vesle Verzenay Mailly- Champagne Verzy Louvois Bouzy Ambonnay
Montagne de Reims- 1er Cru Villages:
Avenay- Val- d'Or Bezannes Billy-le-Grand Chamery Chigny-les-Roses Cormontreuil Coulommes-la-Montagne Ecueil Jouy-les-Reims Ludes Les Mesneux Montbre Pargny-les-Reims Rilly-la-Montagne Sacy Sermiers Taissy Tauxieres-Mutry Trepail Trois-Puits Vaudemagne Villers-Allerand Villers-aux-Noeuds Ville-Dommange Villers-Marmery Vrigny
Vallee de la Marne: Grand Cru Villages
Ay
Vallee de la Marne: 1er Cru Villages:
Bisseuil Champillon Cumieres Dizy Hautvillers Mareuil-sur-Ay Mutigny
Cotes Des Blancs: Grand Cru Villages:
Chouilly (Grand Cru for Whites) Oiry Cramant Avize Oger Les Mesnil-sur-Oger
Cotes Des Blancs: 1er Cru Villages:
Bergeres-les-Vertus Cuis Etrechy Grauves Etrechy Grauves Pierry Val-des-Marais (Coligny) Vertus Villeneuve-Renneville- Chevigny Voipreux
When was Dom Perignon first launched?
- Its bottle was a take on a bottle shape launched in 1735. It was launched during the Great Depression as a true luxury/ illitest brand
When was ‘Cristal’ first released?
- But it had been produced since the 1800s for the Russian Czar, Alexander the Second, who preferred his champagne sweet. To differentiate it from the court his was clear, whilst there’s was green.
In 1960 Bollinger took on who in court?
Michael Grylls, who had formed the Costa Brava Wine company. In promo materials he mentioned ‘Champagne’. This was the precident the champagne producers needed to start suing other producers who used the word champagne.
What was Louis Roederer first known as?
Dubois Pere et Fils.
What year was Cliquot established?
1772
What year was Jacquesson established?
1798 Founded in Chalons-sur- Marne, eventually moving to Reims; it was purchased by the Chiquet family in 1974 and moved to Dizy.
What was the first we’ll know single Cru of village champagne?
Salon in Le Mesnil sur Oger. Was initially produced for the sole consumption of its founder Eugene- Aime Salon in 1905
Which single vineyard champagne was started in 1935 when Pierre Philipponnat bought a vineyard on the Marnie River?
Clos de Goisses
1979 was the Krug first made….
Clos du Mesnil, in Les Mesnil- sur- Oger
What is the free run juice also known as in Champagne?
Autopressurage
What is the series of runs when in pressing champagne called?
A serre
Both Cuvée and Taille…..
Can be used for champagne making. The cuvée has more finesse, whilst the taille (in a clean ripe vintage) can provide fruity aromas and soften the blend.
How long does debourbage (settling) take in champagne?
It’s overnight
To reach 6 atmospheres of pressure how much sugar must you add?
Typically 24 grams per litre
Why is 6 atmospheres usually decided upon in Champagne?
Because base wines used to be stored under cork. However now under crown seal a lot of producers are deciding to go with lower atms.
What is the Maillard reaction?
When the lees are removed from Champagne the amino acids react with the sugars of dosage to create the Maillard reaction. This creates biscuity, briochelike flavours over a long period of post- disgorgement aging
Who was responsible for restablishing the heirloom grapes of Champagne?
Pierre and Philippe Aubry, they replanted them for the bicentennial of their Estate in 1986
Who was the first winery to become biodynamic in Champagne?
Fleury in 1992
Who is he largest biodynamic producer in Champagne?
Louis Roederer in 2007
Côte Des Blancs
- Villages: 11
- Vineyard area: 3,142 hectares (7765 acres)
- 98% Chardonnay, 2% P/ Noir
- Exceptional pure bedrock of chalk, combined with predominately east- facing slopes, provides ideal conditions for creating Chardonnay of unsurpassed finesse and poise
What is the difference in styles between the north and south of the Côte De Blanc?
Nth is richer whilst the Sth is more precise
What were the first grand cru vineyards of the Côte De Blanc?
Cramant and Avize
What was the Côte De Blanc know as prior to being named the Côte De Blanc?
Côte d’Avize
What year was Le Mesnil prompted to Grand Cru?
1985
What are the Grand Cru of the Côte De Blanc?
Le Mesnil
Oger
Chouilly
Oiry
Montagne De Reims
- Number of Villages: 97
- Vineyard area: 20,453 acres (8,277 hectares)
- Grape Varieties: 41% Pinot Noir, 34% Meunier, 25% Chardonnay
- Known for: P/ Noir, other grapes work in different soils. Chard is dominant in Trepail, Villers- Marmey. Meunier works in Petit Montagne.
What are the villages of the Grande Montagne?
South Facing GCs: Bouzy and Ambonnay
Each facing Chardy terroirs: Trepail and Villers- Marmery
North facing GCs: Verzenay and Verzy
Northern Premier Crus: Ludes, Chigny- Les- Roses, Riley- la- Montagne
Who is the famous single grower Estate in Ambonnay?
Egly- Ouriet
What is the difference between Bouzy and Ambonnay?
“Bouzy has the name, Ambonnay has the fame”
What style of wine is Bouzy (Montagne de Reims) present?
Wines that are broader, ripe and fuller bodied. They lie on a bedrock of hard chalk.
Which producer is the most famous from Trepail?
David Leclapart, famous for being biodynamic
What are the villages of the Grande Vallee?
Bisseuil Mareuil-sur-Ay Avenay- Val-d’Or Mutigny Ay Dizy Champillon Hautvillers Cumieres
Grande Vallee
Number of villages; 9
Vineyard Area: 4,517 acres (1,828 ha)
Grape Varieties: 65% Pinot Noir, 19% Chardonnay, 16% Meunier
Known For: Expansive, full bodied champs, most notably from Pinot Noir, although some excellent Chardonnay can be grown here, two.
Where is the village of Mareuil- sur- Ay located?
Grand Vallee
Northern Banks of the Marne River
EST of Epernay
What is the Grande Vallee also known as?
The Grande Vallee de la Marne
What is the Grande Vallee home to?
Some of the greatest Pinot noir vineyards in Champagne
What are the three famous villages in Champagne that face south?
Bouzy
Ambonnay
Ay
Sillery- Montagne de Reims
Moet owns a vineyard in Sillery, now with old vine Meunier. Ruinart retains holdings in Sillery and Puisieulx as key Chardonnay elements in its Dom Ruinart. The only recoltant- manipulant in Sillery is Francois Seconde
Verzenay- Montagne de Reims
- Up the slopes from Puisieulx, tucked between its famous windmill and lighthouse
- Northeast facing
- Provides vigor, precision, clarity and Vinosity to the champagne blend
- Lieux dots: les Correttes, les Pertois, les Bruyeres, les Hautes Coutures.
- Of the 415 acres of vines planted most are Pinot Noir which is suited to these calcareous soils
Verzy- Montagne de Reims
- Elevated from Premier Cru in 1985
- Less powerful and voluminous than Verzennay
- Tends to have a salinity on the palate
Villers- Marmery- Montagne de Reims
- Better know for Chardonnay than PN
- Piercing acid. Grapes are usually astringent
Bouzy- Montagne de Reims
- Southeastern limit
- More opulent than Verzenay, due to warmer conditions
- Famous for its still red wines from Pinot Noir
- Best sites: Les Egarilles, Les Vaudayants and Clos Colin (face south or southeast)
- Paul Bara is famous for making a still red in this area
Ambonnay- Montagne De Reims
- Long history for being a community dating back to Roman times
- 370 ha (914 acres), south- southeast facing vineyards
- Best sites (ie Les Crayeres) have chalk running through the soil. Chalk is estimated to go down 100 ft (30 m) under the soil. This provides the Pinot noir with its voluptuous, mineral character.
- Krug owns a single vineyard here that is used to produce Clos d’ Ambonnay. First released in 1995
- Excellent winemaking, like Verzenay
Louvois- Montagne de Reims
- Northwest of Ambonnay, between the southeast flank of Montagne and west of the Valley of the Marne
- Not the best village for champagne and lot of people ask why it is a grand Cru
Mailly- Champagne and the Premier Crus
- Faces north
- Some clay but mainly chalk, more powerful but lack the crystalline focus of the greats
- Small, 173 acres (70ha)
Premier Crus:
- Souls change: less pure chalk more sandstone/ clay. This suits Meunier very well
Krug:
- Champions of Pinot Meunier, they believe it adds palate- filling fruitiness and a whiff of “baker’s shop”
- Krug 1981 is still regarded as one of the best champagnes ever produced
- Collector Series: About 20 years after a vintage champagne is released it realises a second life and is release to collectors. The wines have been stored in proper cellars in Reims
- 1971, bought 2 ha (5 acres) in Le Mesnil- Sur- Oger, it was originally just used as a Chardonnay source, but is now used to produce Clos du Mesnil- 1986 first released due to quality of the vineyard
- Clos d’ Ambonnay, tiny (0.685 ha, 1.7 acres), acquired mid 90s- Pinot Noir. Debuted in 2008, the 1995 vintage
Charles Heidseck
- 3rd and youngest of the 19th century Heidseck houses.
- Founded in 1851, by Charles- Camille Heidesck, “Champagne Charlie”
Louis Roederer
- Owned by Roederer/ Rouzards since 1827
- In 1932, Camille Olry- Roederer she had a bankrupt house, but put her money back in. Bought great vineyards in Montagne de Reims and Cote des Blanc that have been the house’s rock ever since.
Mis en Cave?- Champagne
Means bottling date. Started in mid 1990s at Charles Heideseck. Basically a non- vintage with a bottling date. Was seen as ridiculous at the start but is now seen as something quite regular
Does Gosset own any vineyards?
Negotiants
Ay?
- One of the three great towns of Champagne
- Smallest of the three with 800 people
- Duetz, Gosset, Ayala, Bollinger are all based in Ay
Mareuil- sur- Ay?
- Not quite a grand Cru- graded at 99%
- “Ay has the reputation, but Mareuil has the wine”- old saying
