CHAMPAGNE Flashcards
Where is Champagne is located?
located in norhern-most France
Champagne’s climate?
Cool continental
Champagne at the nothen-most limit vine growing.
49th parallel.
has no natural protection from Atlantic.
with often cloudy, unpredical weather.
It is one of the coolest wine growing regions in the world.
Champagne’s Soil type?
Limestone and chalk.
Vine roots can dig deep in these soils, which provide good drainage while also retaining moisture.
The soils maintains a relatively constant temperature throughout the year.
Champagne’s grape varieties
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Pinot meunier
What is threats of the growing grapes in Champagne?
Rain, frost, and hail
What is Champagne’s Vinification?
Its all about blending!
Blend of Grapes, Regions, Vintages.
Made using the “method champenoise”, known as the “method classique” for sparkling wines outside of Champagne.
What are 7steps of method champenoise?
- Make the Mase Still Wine
- Assemblage of the “Cuvee”
- Secondary Fermentation
- Sur Lie Aging
5.Riddling (Remuage)
6.Disgorging (Degorfement) - Dosage
How do they make the base still wine on step1?
Grapes are pressed gently to avoid retaining g color from the skins and to prevent oxidation.
Fermentation can occur in tanks or barrels.
How do they Assemblage of the “Cuvee/
Can be blend of grapes, vintages, regions, villages, or vineyards.
What does mean “Cuvee is?
Blending
What is liqueur de tirage meaning?
A liquid (syrup) mixture of yeast and sugar.
For secondary fermentation (creating bubbles).
What is “autolysis”?
自己融解。
The yeast cells gradually break down after the liqueur de triage has induced (誘発) the secondary fermentation.
What is “Sur lie aging”?
The wine is rested on the lees in the bottle.
How long does Champagne’s total aging required?
All champagne must spend at least 12 months on the lees as part of the minimum 15 months of total aging required.
How does Sur lie aging effect to the wine?
Sur lie aging imparts aromas and flavors reminiscent of yeast, dough, and fresh-baked-bread.
What is “Remuage”? And how do they do that?
After aging, the lees must be removed from the bottle in order to hav a clear wine.
Each bottle is gently turned to gradually move the lees into its neck. This can be done by hand or by machine.
What is a “pupitre”?
A wooden A-frame wine rack.
The rack holds 60 bottles, each of which is hand-turened. This process takes about 8 weeks to complete.
Who was a pupitre made by?
Clicquot
What is “ gyropalette”?
is a large machine that can hold 504 bottles at the time.
it takes approximately 8 days to complete ridding by this machine.
What is “Degorgement”?
Disgorging
Once the sediment has collected in the neck of the bottle, it needs to be removed.
To disgorge the sediment, each bottle’s neck is frozen in a n ice bath, so that the yeast can ejected. this can be done by hand or, as is more often the case, by machine.
What is “liqueur d’expedition”?
A mixture of wine and sugar.
The amount of sugar adde determine the sweetness leek and, therefore, the sytle of the Champagne.
Champagne AOP
Sparkling wine made via the method Champenoise.
What are three Champagne Sub-regions?
-Vallee de la Marne
-Cote des Blancs
-Montagne de Reims
What is Non-Vintage Champagne’s age designations?
Aged for min of 15 months, with at least 12 months spent on the lees.
What is Non-Vintage Champagne’s age designations?`
Minimum of 15 months, with at least 12 months spent on the lee.
What is Vintage Champagne’s age designations?`
Minimum 36 months
What is Champagne rose?
A pink color champagne
What is champagne blanc de blanc?
100% Chardonnay champagne
What is champagne Blanc de noir?
Champagne made with only dark grape.
Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier
What is “Clos” or “Mono Parcel” for champagne?
A noted single parcel in a vineyard under a single ownership.
What is “Cuvee Prestige” or “Tate de Cuvee” for Champagne?
The top-end bottling go particular Champagne house or producer/.
What is “Negociants” for Champagne?
A champagne producer who buy grapes, juice, or finished wine and bottle the wine under their own name or label.
What is “Growrs” for Champagne?
Champagne producers that make wine from the grapes grown in vintage they own.
What is the difference between “Method Champagne” and “transfer Method “ and “Tank / Charmat Method “?
Champagne: All steps happen in the some bottle.
Extended lees contact, intense lees flavor.
Transfer: Bottles emptied into large tanks under presser after Yeast autolysis.
Lees contact, Eliminates(排除する) the need for ridding.
Tank/ Charmat: All steps in the tank.
Saves time, No costly, best process for aromatic varieties.
What is examples for Method Champenoise?
Champagne
Cremant
Cava
Franciacorta
What is example sparkling wine made by “Transfer Method”?
What is example sparkling wine made by Tank/ Charmat Method?
Prosecco
Moscato d’Asti
Lambrusco
What is “Cremate”?
All French sparkling wine in France grown outside Champagne that are produced by the method champenoise.
Though law requires that the method must be identified to on able as method classique
)
What is the important grapes for Champagne?
Pinot noir
Pinot meunier
Chardonnay
Sur lie aging refer to…
Aging wines on broken-down best cells
Champagne vineyards are best known for which soil type?
Limestone and chalk
