Champagne Flashcards
1
Q
What are the three grape varietals of Champagne
A
Pinot noir
Pinot meunière
Chardonnay
2
Q
Main river in champagne
A
Marne river
3
Q
What type is soil is in champagne
A
Soil clay and chalk white soils
4
Q
What sea plays into the chalky soil in champagne
A
Veryold sea
5
Q
What was was the aube riot due to being cut out of champagne
A
1911
6
Q
What year was Aube reintergrated back into champagne
A
1927
7
Q
What food does champagne pair with
A
Wide range of food; cheeses, meats, scallops , oysters and fried foods
8
Q
Wines made in the fusion of champagne outside the champagne region may be called what
A
Methode traditionelle of methode clissique
9
Q
Methode traditionelle means what
A
Traditional method
10
Q
Method Clissique means what
A
Classic method
11
Q
Effervescence In champagne means what
A
Bubbles in a liquid; fizz
12
Q
Mousseux means what in wine
A
Sparkling
13
Q
What is the oldest champagne house still in operation. Today
A
Gosset 1584
14
Q
Who else can claim to be the oldest in sparkling champagne house?
A
Ruinart est. 1729
15
Q
Vin de cuvee means what
A
First press, usually clear
16
Q
Vin de taille means what
A
Second press, more tannic
17
Q
Vestiges of vin gri ( gray wine) champagne production would inform what
A
Sparkling winemaking
18
Q
When pressing red grapes for white wine what methods are used in champagne
A
Vin de cuvée and Vin de taille
19
Q
Remuage means what in champagne
A
Riddling
20
Q
Remuage is done in champagne for what reason?
A
A procedure that allows sediment to be easily removed from the bottle during degorgment
21
Q
What does degorgment mean?
A
Disgorgement
22
Q
1911- 1914 during the war women and children worked in the field and the wine produces what of the 20th century?
A
Finest vintages yet
23
Q
Bouvreaux means what in champagne
A
Second crop
24
Q
When does bouvreux happen in champagne ?
A
When rain interrupts the flowering
25
Belemnite chalk in champagne is what?
Derives from fossilized remains in millions of cephalo pods, has a high limestone climate
26
Micraster chalk is made of what in champagne?
Extinct sea urchin fossils
27
Aube has what type is soil?
Aube has clay dominant soil
28
What Parallels is champagne in
48th-49th parallels
29
Major commercial house of champagne can be found in what city?
Reims and small towns of Epernay and Aÿ
30
Five distracts of champagne
```
Montage de Reims
Valle de la Marne
Cotes de Blanc
Cotes de Sezanne
Cotes de Bar in Aube
```
31
What of the five distracts produce Pinot Noir
Montage de Reims and Cotes de bar in aube
32
What of the five distracts produce Muenier ?
Valle de marne
33
What of the five distracts produce Chardonnay?
Cotes de Blanc and Cotes de sezanne
34
According to the Echelle de Crus how many village grand crus and village premier crus are there?
17 villages grand cru
| 42 village premier cru
35
Early 2000’s abolished the Echelle de Crus entirely but those already ranked can do what?
Retain there labels of premier cru and grand cru villages
36
Major houses in champagne
```
Ruinart
Tattinger
Moet Chandon
Delamotte
Vueve Cliqout Ponsardin
```
37
Major producers of champagne
```
Ruinart
Vueve cliquot
Tattinger
Dom Perpignan
Bollinger
Charles Heidsick
Vueve Cliquot Ponsardin
```
38
DoM perignons lasting co tributes. To modern champagne is
Assemblage ( blending)
39
Champenoise use to color the wines with what in attempt to achieve deep hues of burgundy
Elderberry
40
Vueve ( widow) Cliquot - madame barbe-Nicole Ponsardin had what discovered under her leadership
Remuage ( riddling)
| Degorgement ( disgorgement )
41
Who is the French chemist and statemen for whine the process of chapitlization is name and identified the relationship between sugar and fermentation
Jean-Antoine Chaptel
42
In 1921 Moët et Chandon realease what
Dom Perignon, many houses released tete de cuvée or prestige cuvée a premier bottling often carrying a vintage date
43
What was outlawed in 1988
Recycled parisan, garbage to fertilize their vineyards ( blue shreds can be seen still in the vineyards)
44
Larger houses will typically blend what
Pinot noir, chard or all three varieties
45
How many villages are authorized to grow grapes in champagne
357
46
Cvic in champagne is what
The regulatory body responsible for mediating relations between growers and producers, over seed the production methods and promotion of champagne
47
Until 1999 cvic set the price of grapes through what
Echelle de Crus - a percentile system by which the villages or crus, of champagne appellation are rated
48
How did the Echelle de Crus classified
100- grand crus
90-99 premier crus
90 or below crus
49
What were the only premier crus with 99% ranking
Mareuil- sur- at in the Valle de la Marne
| Taxieres in Montage de Reims
50
Today CVIC does what rather than regulates pricing and supervisions the exchange between growers and champagne houses
Recommends
51
Type of champagne producers
```
NM- Negociant Manipulant
RM - Recoltant Manipulant
CM - cooperative Manipulant
RC - recoltant cooperateur
SR - societe de recoltants
ND - negociant distributer
MA - Marque d’Acheteur
```
52
Nm Negociant Manipulant is what type of producer
A house that purchases grapes and or a base wine from growers and other smaller houses. Some NM own a significant portion of their own vineyards and other own none at all
53
NM large champagne house with the most international presence are invariably in this category
```
Moët et Chandon
Louir Roederer
Veuve Cliquot Ponsardin
Billecart-Salmon
Lanson
Taittinger
Pol Roger
Perrier-Jouët
Mumm
Laurent-Perrier
```
54
NM quality varies widely, although prices are uniformly high. Many houses often fall under the same corporate percentage for example what house fall under the LVMH luxury conglomerate
Moët et Chandon
Krug
Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin
Mercier
55
RM ( Recoltant Manipulant) is what type of producer
Producer who makes champagne from estate-grow fruit. 95% of the grapes must originate in the producers own vineyards
56
CM ( cooperative Manipulant) are what type of producers
A growers co-operative that produces the wine under a single brand
57
RC ( Recoltant Cooperateur) is what type of producer
A grower whose grapes are confined at a co-operative, but whose wines are sold under the growers own label
58
SR ( Societe de Recoltants) is what type of producer
A firm, not a co-operati e, set up by a union of often related growers, who share resources to make their wines and collectively market several brands
59
ND ( Negociant Distributer) is what type of producer
A middle man company that distributes champagne it did not make
60
MA (Marque d’Acheteur) is what type of producer
A buyers own brand, often a large supermarket chain or restaurant, That purchases champagne and sells it under its own label
61
The second fermentation in champagne is also called
Pris de Mouse and is the heart of methode champenoise
62
Muselet is what on the champagne bottle
Wire cage
63
Transvasage means what
Transfer
64
What are the champagne sweetened levels called
```
Brut nature/ non-dosé
Extra Brut
Brut ( most common sweetness)
Extra dry
Sec
Demi-sec
Doux
```
65
What are the champagne bottle sizes
```
Quarter bottle/ Piccolo
Half bottle
Bottle
Magnum
Jerobaum
Rehobaum ( discontinued in 1983)
Methuselah
Salmanazar
Nebuchadnezzar
Solomon
```
66
What are the bottle sizes for the following
```
Quarter bottle /piccolo
Half bottle ( Demi)
Bottle
Magnum
Jerobaum
```
```
Quarter bottle /piccolo - 187 ml
Half bottle ( Demi)- 375 ml
Bottle - 750 ml
Magnum - 1.5 liters ( 2 bottles)
Jerobaum - 3 L ( 4 bottles)
```
67
What are the sizes of the following bottles
```
Rehobaum ( discontinued in 1983)
Methuselah
Salamanazar
Balthazar
Nebuchadnezzar
Solomon
```
```
Rehobaum - 4.5 L ( 6 bottles)
Methuselah - 6 L ( 8 bottles)
Salamanazar - 9 L ( 12 bottles)
Balthazar - 12 L ( 16 bottles)
Nebuchadnezzar - 15 L ( 20 bottles)
Solomon - 18 L ( 24 bottles)
```
68
Styles of champagne are as follows
```
Non- vintage
Vintage
Blanc de Blancs
Blanc de Noir
Prestige Cuvée
Single Vineyard Champagne
Special Club Prestige Cuvée
Rosé Champagne
```
69
What does each of the following rules for non-vintage
Ensures consistency from year to year
70
What does each of the following rules for vintage
100% of the blend Must come from the stated vintage yet 80% of the years harvest may sold as vintage champagne
71
What does each of the following rules for Blanc de Blancs
Only white grapes
72
What does each of the following rules for Blanc de Noir
White wine from black grapes
73
What does each of the following rules for Prestige Cuvée
(Tete de Cuvée ) superior villages
74
What does each of the following rules for single vineyard champagne
Large house or a smaller producer
75
What does each of the following rules for special club prestige cuvée
In 1971 concept of “special club” with a dozen grower- producers. Lacking the marketing budgets of larger houses
76
What does each of the following rules for Rosé champagne
Salinger method, most expensive and rare in a house
| Only AOP to blend white and reds
77
Aging laws for non vintage champagne and vintage champagne
Minimum 15 months from date of tirage for NV and Vintage minimum 36 months from date of tirage
78
Prestige cuvée ( tete de cuvée ) classic examples are for the following
```
Moët et Chandon
Taittinger
Louir Roederer
Perrier-Jouët
Pol Roger
Ruinart
Veuve Cliquot Ponsardin
```
```
Moët et Chandon - Dom Pérignon
Taittinger - Comte’s du Champagne
Louir Roederer - Cristal
Perrier-Jouët - Grande Siércle
Pol Roger - Belle Époque
Ruinart - Cuvée Sir Winston Churchill
Veuve Cliquot Ponsardin - La Grand Dame
```
79
Still wines in the areas are released under what
Coteaux Champenoise AOP and can be red, white and rosé
