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Keris Certified Sommerlier Study Guide > Champagne > Flashcards

Champagne Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three grape varietals of Champagne

A

Pinot noir
Pinot meunière
Chardonnay

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2
Q

Main river in champagne

A

Marne river

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3
Q

What type is soil is in champagne

A

Soil clay and chalk white soils

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4
Q

What sea plays into the chalky soil in champagne

A

Veryold sea

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5
Q

What was was the aube riot due to being cut out of champagne

A

1911

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6
Q

What year was Aube reintergrated back into champagne

A

1927

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7
Q

What food does champagne pair with

A

Wide range of food; cheeses, meats, scallops , oysters and fried foods

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8
Q

Wines made in the fusion of champagne outside the champagne region may be called what

A

Methode traditionelle of methode clissique

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9
Q

Methode traditionelle means what

A

Traditional method

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10
Q

Method Clissique means what

A

Classic method

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11
Q

Effervescence In champagne means what

A

Bubbles in a liquid; fizz

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12
Q

Mousseux means what in wine

A

Sparkling

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13
Q

What is the oldest champagne house still in operation. Today

A

Gosset 1584

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14
Q

Who else can claim to be the oldest in sparkling champagne house?

A

Ruinart est. 1729

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15
Q

Vin de cuvee means what

A

First press, usually clear

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16
Q

Vin de taille means what

A

Second press, more tannic

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17
Q

Vestiges of vin gri ( gray wine) champagne production would inform what

A

Sparkling winemaking

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18
Q

When pressing red grapes for white wine what methods are used in champagne

A

Vin de cuvée and Vin de taille

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19
Q

Remuage means what in champagne

A

Riddling

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20
Q

Remuage is done in champagne for what reason?

A

A procedure that allows sediment to be easily removed from the bottle during degorgment

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21
Q

What does degorgment mean?

A

Disgorgement

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22
Q

1911- 1914 during the war women and children worked in the field and the wine produces what of the 20th century?

A

Finest vintages yet

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23
Q

Bouvreaux means what in champagne

A

Second crop

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24
Q

When does bouvreux happen in champagne ?

A

When rain interrupts the flowering

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25
Q

Belemnite chalk in champagne is what?

A

Derives from fossilized remains in millions of cephalo pods, has a high limestone climate

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26
Q

Micraster chalk is made of what in champagne?

A

Extinct sea urchin fossils

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27
Q

Aube has what type is soil?

A

Aube has clay dominant soil

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28
Q

What Parallels is champagne in

A

48th-49th parallels

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29
Q

Major commercial house of champagne can be found in what city?

A

Reims and small towns of Epernay and Aÿ

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30
Q

Five distracts of champagne

A 
Montage de Reims
Valle de la Marne 
Cotes de Blanc
Cotes de Sezanne
Cotes de Bar in Aube
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31
Q

What of the five distracts produce Pinot Noir

A

Montage de Reims and Cotes de bar in aube

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32
Q

What of the five distracts produce Muenier ?

A

Valle de marne

33
Q

What of the five distracts produce Chardonnay?

A

Cotes de Blanc and Cotes de sezanne

34
Q

According to the Echelle de Crus how many village grand crus and village premier crus are there?

A

17 villages grand cru

42 village premier cru

35
Q

Early 2000’s abolished the Echelle de Crus entirely but those already ranked can do what?

A

Retain there labels of premier cru and grand cru villages

36
Q

Major houses in champagne

A 
Ruinart
Tattinger
Moet Chandon
Delamotte 
Vueve Cliqout Ponsardin
37
Q

Major producers of champagne

A 
Ruinart
Vueve cliquot
Tattinger
Dom Perpignan
Bollinger 
Charles Heidsick
Vueve Cliquot Ponsardin
38
Q

DoM perignons lasting co tributes. To modern champagne is

A

Assemblage ( blending)

39
Q

Champenoise use to color the wines with what in attempt to achieve deep hues of burgundy

A

Elderberry

40
Q

Vueve ( widow) Cliquot - madame barbe-Nicole Ponsardin had what discovered under her leadership

A

Remuage ( riddling)

Degorgement ( disgorgement )

41
Q

Who is the French chemist and statemen for whine the process of chapitlization is name and identified the relationship between sugar and fermentation

A

Jean-Antoine Chaptel

42
Q

In 1921 Moët et Chandon realease what

A

Dom Perignon, many houses released tete de cuvée or prestige cuvée a premier bottling often carrying a vintage date

43
Q

What was outlawed in 1988

A

Recycled parisan, garbage to fertilize their vineyards ( blue shreds can be seen still in the vineyards)

44
Q

Larger houses will typically blend what

A

Pinot noir, chard or all three varieties

45
Q

How many villages are authorized to grow grapes in champagne

A

357

46
Q

Cvic in champagne is what

A

The regulatory body responsible for mediating relations between growers and producers, over seed the production methods and promotion of champagne

47
Q

Until 1999 cvic set the price of grapes through what

A

Echelle de Crus - a percentile system by which the villages or crus, of champagne appellation are rated

48
Q

How did the Echelle de Crus classified

A

100- grand crus
90-99 premier crus
90 or below crus

49
Q

What were the only premier crus with 99% ranking

A

Mareuil- sur- at in the Valle de la Marne

Taxieres in Montage de Reims

50
Q

Today CVIC does what rather than regulates pricing and supervisions the exchange between growers and champagne houses

A

Recommends

51
Q

Type of champagne producers

A 
NM- Negociant Manipulant
RM - Recoltant Manipulant
CM - cooperative Manipulant
RC - recoltant cooperateur
SR - societe de recoltants
ND - negociant distributer
MA - Marque d’Acheteur
52
Q

Nm Negociant Manipulant is what type of producer

A

A house that purchases grapes and or a base wine from growers and other smaller houses. Some NM own a significant portion of their own vineyards and other own none at all

53
Q

NM large champagne house with the most international presence are invariably in this category

A 
Moët et Chandon
Louir Roederer
Veuve Cliquot Ponsardin
Billecart-Salmon
Lanson
Taittinger 
Pol Roger 
Perrier-Jouët
Mumm 
Laurent-Perrier
54
Q

NM quality varies widely, although prices are uniformly high. Many houses often fall under the same corporate percentage for example what house fall under the LVMH luxury conglomerate

A

Moët et Chandon
Krug
Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin
Mercier

55
Q

RM ( Recoltant Manipulant) is what type of producer

A

Producer who makes champagne from estate-grow fruit. 95% of the grapes must originate in the producers own vineyards

56
Q

CM ( cooperative Manipulant) are what type of producers

A

A growers co-operative that produces the wine under a single brand

57
Q

RC ( Recoltant Cooperateur) is what type of producer

A

A grower whose grapes are confined at a co-operative, but whose wines are sold under the growers own label

58
Q

SR ( Societe de Recoltants) is what type of producer

A

A firm, not a co-operati e, set up by a union of often related growers, who share resources to make their wines and collectively market several brands

59
Q

ND ( Negociant Distributer) is what type of producer

A

A middle man company that distributes champagne it did not make

60
Q

MA (Marque d’Acheteur) is what type of producer

A

A buyers own brand, often a large supermarket chain or restaurant, That purchases champagne and sells it under its own label

61
Q

The second fermentation in champagne is also called

A

Pris de Mouse and is the heart of methode champenoise

62
Q

Muselet is what on the champagne bottle

A

Wire cage

63
Q

Transvasage means what

A

Transfer

64
Q

What are the champagne sweetened levels called

A 
Brut nature/ non-dosé
Extra Brut
Brut ( most common sweetness)
Extra dry
Sec
Demi-sec
Doux
65
Q

What are the champagne bottle sizes

A 
Quarter bottle/ Piccolo
Half bottle 
Bottle
Magnum
Jerobaum
Rehobaum ( discontinued in 1983)
Methuselah
Salmanazar
Nebuchadnezzar 
Solomon
66
Q

What are the bottle sizes for the following

Quarter bottle /piccolo
Half bottle ( Demi)
Bottle
Magnum
Jerobaum
A 
Quarter bottle /piccolo - 187 ml
Half bottle ( Demi)- 375 ml
Bottle - 750 ml
Magnum - 1.5 liters ( 2 bottles)
Jerobaum - 3 L ( 4 bottles)
67
Q

What are the sizes of the following bottles

Rehobaum ( discontinued in 1983)
Methuselah
Salamanazar
Balthazar
Nebuchadnezzar 
Solomon
A 
Rehobaum - 4.5 L ( 6 bottles)
Methuselah - 6 L ( 8 bottles)
Salamanazar - 9 L ( 12 bottles)
Balthazar - 12 L ( 16 bottles)
Nebuchadnezzar - 15 L ( 20 bottles)
Solomon - 18 L ( 24 bottles)
68
Q

Styles of champagne are as follows

A 
Non- vintage
Vintage
Blanc de Blancs
Blanc de Noir
Prestige Cuvée
Single Vineyard Champagne 
Special Club Prestige Cuvée
Rosé Champagne
69
Q

What does each of the following rules for non-vintage

A

Ensures consistency from year to year

70
Q

What does each of the following rules for vintage

A

100% of the blend Must come from the stated vintage yet 80% of the years harvest may sold as vintage champagne

71
Q

What does each of the following rules for Blanc de Blancs

A

Only white grapes

72
Q

What does each of the following rules for Blanc de Noir

A

White wine from black grapes

73
Q

What does each of the following rules for Prestige Cuvée

A

(Tete de Cuvée ) superior villages

74
Q

What does each of the following rules for single vineyard champagne

A

Large house or a smaller producer

75
Q

What does each of the following rules for special club prestige cuvée

A

In 1971 concept of “special club” with a dozen grower- producers. Lacking the marketing budgets of larger houses

76
Q

What does each of the following rules for Rosé champagne

A

Salinger method, most expensive and rare in a house

Only AOP to blend white and reds

77
Q

Aging laws for non vintage champagne and vintage champagne

A

Minimum 15 months from date of tirage for NV and Vintage minimum 36 months from date of tirage

78
Q

Prestige cuvée ( tete de cuvée ) classic examples are for the following

Moët et Chandon
Taittinger
Louir Roederer
Perrier-Jouët
Pol Roger
Ruinart
Veuve Cliquot Ponsardin
A 
Moët et Chandon - Dom Pérignon
Taittinger - Comte’s du Champagne 
Louir Roederer - Cristal 
Perrier-Jouët - Grande Siércle 
Pol Roger - Belle Époque 
Ruinart - Cuvée Sir Winston Churchill
Veuve Cliquot Ponsardin - La Grand Dame
79
Q

Still wines in the areas are released under what

A

Coteaux Champenoise AOP and can be red, white and rosé

Keris Certified Sommerlier Study Guide (14 decks)

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