Chambers of the Heart

Question 1

The right atrium forms which border of the heart?

Answer 1

the right border

Question 2

What is the name of the muscular pouch in the right atrium which increases its capacity?

Answer 2

right auricle/right atrial appendage

Question 3

What are the two parts of the interior of the right atrium?

Answer 3

sinus venarum, atrium proper

Question 4

What muscular ridge separates the sinus venarum and the atrium proper?

Answer 4

crista terminalis

Question 5

Which part is posterior to the crista terminalis?

Answer 5

sinus venarum

Question 6

Which part is anterior to the crista terminalis, and includes the right auricle?

Answer 6

atrium proper

Question 7

Describe the sinus venarum

Answer 7

This part receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae. It has smooth walls.

Question 8

Describe the atrium proper

Answer 8

It has rough, muscular walls formed by pectinate muscles.

Question 9

What is embryological origin of the atrium proper?

Answer 9

the primitive atrium

Question 10

What is the embryological origin of the sinus venarum?

Answer 10

sinus venosus

Question 11

Where does the coronary sinus (which receives blood from the coronary veins) enter the heart?

Answer 11

It opens into the right atrium between the inferior vena cava orifice and the right atrioventricular orifice.

Question 12

What is the fossa ovalis?

Answer 12

An oval depression in the intratrial septal wall of the right atrium - a remnant of the foramen ovale

Question 13

The posterior border of the heart is formed by which chamber?

Answer 13

Left atrium

Question 14

The left auricle extends from the _______ aspect of the chamber, overlapping the root of the pulmonary trunk.

Answer 14

Superior

Question 15

What are the two parts of the interior of the left atrium?

Answer 15

inflow portion and outflow portion

Question 16

Which portion includes the left auricle?

Answer 16

outflow portion

Question 17

Which portion is derived from the embryonic atrium

Answer 17

outflow portion

Question 18

Which portion receives blood from the pulmonary veins

Answer 18

inflow portion

Question 19

Which portion has a smooth internal surface?

Answer 19

inflow portion

Question 20

Which portion is located anteriorly, and lined by pectinate muscle?

Answer 20

outflow portion

Question 21

What two portions can the right ventricle be divided into?

Answer 21

inflow and outflow portion

Question 22

What muscular ridge divides the two portions of the right ventricle?

Answer 22

supraventricular crest

Question 23

The interior of the inflow part of the right ventricle is covered by a series of irregular muscular elevations, called __________

Answer 23

trabeculae carnae

Question 24

What are the three types of trabeculae carnae?

Answer 24

ridges, bridges and pillars

Question 25

Describe ridges

Answer 25

attached along their entire length on one side to form ridges along the interior surface of the ventricle.

Question 26

Describe bridges

Answer 26

attached to the ventricle at both ends, but free in the middle.

Question 27

What example of a bridge contains the right bundle branches?

Answer 27

moderator band

Question 28

What type of muscles make up pillars?

Answer 28

papillary muscles

Question 29

the base of the papillary muscles is attached to the ______

Answer 29

ventricles

Question 30

the apices of the papillary muscles are attached to the

Answer 30

chordae tendinae/fibrous chords

Question 31

chordae tendinae of the right ventricle are attached to what?

Answer 31

The tricuspid valve

Question 32

What is the function of the papillary muscles?

Answer 32

They pull on the chordae tendinae to prevent prolapse of the valve leaflets during ventricular systole

Question 33

What is the other name for the outflow portion of the right ventricle?

Answer 33

conus arteriosus

Question 34

the outflow portion of the right ventricle leads to which artery?

Answer 34

pulmonary artery

Question 35

Which portion is in the superior part of the right ventricle?

Answer 35

outflow portion

Question 36

What is the embryonic origin of the outflow portion of the right ventricle?

Answer 36

bulbus cordis

Question 37

Describe the outflow portion

Answer 37

smooth walls, no trabeculae carneae

Question 38

What are the two parts of the interventricular septum?

Answer 38

superior membranous and inferior muscular

Question 39

In the anatomical position, the _______forms the apex of the heart

Answer 39

left ventricle

Question 40

What are the two portions of the left ventricle?

Answer 40

inflow and outflow portion

Question 41

Describe the inflow portion

Answer 41

The walls of the inflow portion of the left ventricle are lined by trabeculae carneae, as described with the right ventricle. There are two papillary muscles present which attach to the cusps of the mitral valve.

Question 42

What is the outflow portion also known as?

Answer 42

aortic vestibule