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Thorax > Chambers of the Heart > Flashcards

Chambers of the Heart Flashcards

1
Q

The right atrium forms which border of the heart?

A

the right border

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2
Q

What is the name of the muscular pouch in the right atrium which increases its capacity?

A

right auricle/right atrial appendage

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3
Q

What are the two parts of the interior of the right atrium?

A

sinus venarum, atrium proper

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4
Q

What muscular ridge separates the sinus venarum and the atrium proper?

A

crista terminalis

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5
Q

Which part is posterior to the crista terminalis?

A

sinus venarum

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6
Q

Which part is anterior to the crista terminalis, and includes the right auricle?

A

atrium proper

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7
Q

Describe the sinus venarum

A

This part receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae. It has smooth walls.

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8
Q

Describe the atrium proper

A

It has rough, muscular walls formed by pectinate muscles.

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9
Q

What is embryological origin of the atrium proper?

A

the primitive atrium

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10
Q

What is the embryological origin of the sinus venarum?

A

sinus venosus

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11
Q

Where does the coronary sinus (which receives blood from the coronary veins) enter the heart?

A

It opens into the right atrium between the inferior vena cava orifice and the right atrioventricular orifice.

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12
Q

What is the fossa ovalis?

A

An oval depression in the intratrial septal wall of the right atrium - a remnant of the foramen ovale

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13
Q

The posterior border of the heart is formed by which chamber?

A

Left atrium

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14
Q

The left auricle extends from the _______ aspect of the chamber, overlapping the root of the pulmonary trunk.

A

Superior

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15
Q

What are the two parts of the interior of the left atrium?

A

inflow portion and outflow portion

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16
Q

Which portion includes the left auricle?

A

outflow portion

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17
Q

Which portion is derived from the embryonic atrium

A

outflow portion

18
Q

Which portion receives blood from the pulmonary veins

A

inflow portion

19
Q

Which portion has a smooth internal surface?

A

inflow portion

20
Q

Which portion is located anteriorly, and lined by pectinate muscle?

A

outflow portion

21
Q

What two portions can the right ventricle be divided into?

A

inflow and outflow portion

22
Q

What muscular ridge divides the two portions of the right ventricle?

A

supraventricular crest

23
Q

The interior of the inflow part of the right ventricle is covered by a series of irregular muscular elevations, called __________

A

trabeculae carnae

24
Q

What are the three types of trabeculae carnae?

A

ridges, bridges and pillars

25
Q

Describe ridges

A

attached along their entire length on one side to form ridges along the interior surface of the ventricle.

26
Q

Describe bridges

A

attached to the ventricle at both ends, but free in the middle.

27
Q

What example of a bridge contains the right bundle branches?

A

moderator band

28
Q

What type of muscles make up pillars?

A

papillary muscles

29
Q

the base of the papillary muscles is attached to the ______

A

ventricles

30
Q

the apices of the papillary muscles are attached to the

A

chordae tendinae/fibrous chords

31
Q

chordae tendinae of the right ventricle are attached to what?

A

The tricuspid valve

32
Q

What is the function of the papillary muscles?

A

They pull on the chordae tendinae to prevent prolapse of the valve leaflets during ventricular systole

33
Q

What is the other name for the outflow portion of the right ventricle?

A

conus arteriosus

34
Q

the outflow portion of the right ventricle leads to which artery?

A

pulmonary artery

35
Q

Which portion is in the superior part of the right ventricle?

A

outflow portion

36
Q

What is the embryonic origin of the outflow portion of the right ventricle?

A

bulbus cordis

37
Q

Describe the outflow portion

A

smooth walls, no trabeculae carneae

38
Q

What are the two parts of the interventricular septum?

A

superior membranous and inferior muscular

39
Q

In the anatomical position, the _______forms the apex of the heart

A

left ventricle

40
Q

What are the two portions of the left ventricle?

A

inflow and outflow portion

41
Q

Describe the inflow portion

A

The walls of the inflow portion of the left ventricle are lined by trabeculae carneae, as described with the right ventricle. There are two papillary muscles present which attach to the cusps of the mitral valve.

42
Q

What is the outflow portion also known as?

A

aortic vestibule

Thorax (13 decks)

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