Ch.9 Cellular Respiration & Fermentation

Question 0

Acetyl coenzyme A; the entry compound for the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration, formed from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme

Answer 0

Acetyl CoA

Question 1

A catabolic pathway for organic molecules, using oxygen as the final electron acceptor in an electron transport chain & ultimately producing ATP

Answer 1

Aerobic Respiration

Question 2

Glycolysis followed by the reduction of pyruvate to ethyl alcohol, regenerating NAD+ & releasing carbon dioxide

Answer 2

Alcohol Fermentation

Question 3

A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules begun in glycolysis by oxidizing acetyl CoA to carbon dioxide

Answer 3

Citric Acid Cycle

Question 4

An energy-coupling mechanism that uses energy stored in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient across a membrane to drive cellular work, such as the synthesis of ATP

Answer 4

Chemiosmosis

Question 5

A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose w/o an electron transport chain & that produces a characteristic end product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid

Answer 5

Fermentation

Question 6

An organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to anaerobic respiration or fermentation if oxygen is not present

Answer 6

Facultative Anaerobe

Question 7

A series of reactions that ultimately splits glucose into pyruvate; occurs in almost all living cells serving as the starting point for fermentation or cellular respiration

Answer 7

Glycolysis

Question 8

Glycolysis followed by the reduction of pyruvate to lactate, regenerating NAD+ w/no release of carbon dioxide

Answer 8

Lactid Acid Fermentation

Question 9

The catabolic pathways of aerobic & anaerobic respiration, which break down organic molecules & use an electron transport chain for the production of ATP

Answer 9

Cellular Respiration

Question 10

The complete or partial loss of electrons form a substance involved in a redox reaction

Answer 10

Oxidation

Question 11

The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain

Answer 11

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 12

An organism that only carriers out fermentative or anaerobic respiration

Answer 12

Obligate Anaerobe

Question 13

The complete or partial addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction

Answer 13

Reduction