Ch.8 Intro to Metabolism Flashcards
An adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that releases free energy when phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. This energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells
ATP
A metabolic pathway that consumes energy to synthesize a complex molecule from a simpler molecule
Anabolic Pathway
The amount of energy that reactants must both absorb before a chemical reaction will start
Activation Energy
The study of how energy flows through organisms
Bioenergetics
A metabolic pathway that releases energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler molecules
Catabolic Pathways
Energy available in molecules for release in a chemical reaction; a form of potential energy
Chemical Energy
Any nonprotein molecule or ion that’s required for the proper functioning of an enzyme
Cofactor
An organic molecule serving as a factor; Ex: vitamins
Coenzyme
The capacity to cause change
Energy
A measure of disorder or randomness
Entropy
A spontaneous chemical reaction, in which there is a net release of free energy
Exergonic Reaction
A non-spontaneous chemical reaction, in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings
Endergonic Reaction
A macromolecule serving as a catalyst
Enzyme
Energy can be transferred & transformed, but cannot be created or destroyed
First Law of Thermodynamics
The energy associated w/ the relative motion of objects. Moving can perform work by imparting motion to other matter
Kinetic Energy
The totality of an organism’s chemical reactions, consisting of catabolic & anabolic pathways, which manage the material & energy resources of the organism
Metabolism
The energy that matter possesses as a result of its location or spatial arrangement (structure)
Potential Energy
The principle stating that every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe
Second Law of Thermodynamics
The study of energy transformation that occur in a collection of matter
Thermodynamics
