Ch9 Carboxylic acids and derivatives

Question 1

Carboxylic acid hydrogen bonding

Answer 1

COOH is polar so form hydrogen bodns with H2O and other carboxylic acids

soluble in water

Question 2

Dimers

Answer 2

form in absence of water
-reduces volatility and increases boiling points

Question 3

Carboxylic acids

Answer 3

donate protons
weak- dissociate only partially into their ions

Question 4

Test for carboxylic acid

Answer 4

acid + carbonate -> salt + water + carbon dioxide

effervescence given off

Question 5

Carboxylic acid + alcohol

Answer 5

ester + water (condensation reaction)

concentrated acid catalyst

Question 6

Name ester

Answer 6

-thyl comes from alcohol
anoate come from carboxylic acid

Question 7

carboxylic acid + SOCl2

Answer 7

acyl halide(l) + SO2(g) + HCl(g)

Question 8

Acid anhydride + alcohol

Answer 8

ester + ethanoic acid

Question 9

Acid anhydride functional group

Answer 9

O O
ll ll
C-O-C

Question 10

Hydrolysis of ester with acid

Answer 10

Catalyst: dilute H2SO4

carboxylic acid + alcohol

Question 11

Hydrloysis of ester with base

Answer 11

Catalyst: NaOH

salt of carboxylic acid + alcohol

Question 12

Making acyl chloride

Answer 12

carboxylic acid + SOCl2 -> acyl chloride + SO2 + HCl

Question 13

Acyl chloride + H2O

Answer 13

carboxylic acid + H2O

Question 14

Acyl chloride + alcohol

Answer 14

ester + HCl

Question 15

acyl chloride + phenol

Answer 15

phenyl ester + HCl

Question 16

acyl chloride + NH3

Answer 16

primary amide + HCl

Question 17

acyl chloride + secondary amine

Answer 17

secondary amide + HCl