ch.8 sport psych Flashcards
ideal performance state
absence of fear
no thinking about or analysis of performance
a narrow focus of attention
sense of effortlessness
sense of personal control
a distortion of time and space
arousal
blend of physiological and psychological activation in an individual
intensity of motivation
anxiety
subcat of arousal, negative perceived emotional state
nervousness, worry, apprehension or fear, physiological activation of the body
cognitive anxiety
mental manifestation of anxiety
somatic anxiety
physical reaction to anxiety
tense muscles, tachycardia, upset stomach
state anxiety
subjective experience of apprehension and uncertainty accompaied by elevated autonomic and voluntary neural outflow and increased endocrine activity
effects of state anxiety on athletic performance?
can be good, bad or no change
what factors of state anxiety will change the effect on athletic performance
athletes skill level
personality
complexity of the task performed
what can state anxiety be related to
trait anxiety
trait anxiety
personality
how one will perceive an environment as threatening
what type of anxiety affects the appropriate level of arousal for a given athlete
trait anxiety
stress
substantial imbalance btw demand and response capability, under conditions in which failure to meet that demand has important consequences
what can stress generate
arousal or anxiety
drive theory
as arousal and state anxiety increases so does performance
inverted U theory
arousal facilitates up to an optimal level
then w/ more arousal u get decrease performance due to lack of attention and focus
w/ increase arousal and presence of cognitive anxiety, what happens and what theory is this
sudden drop in performance
catastrophe theory
reversal theory
how arousal and anxiety affect performance depends on the individual interpretation
in control of the athlete
achievement motivation
persons efforts to master a task, achieve excellence, overcome obstacles, engage in competition or social comparison
who will be the better athlete when looking at acheivement motivation?
the one with higher achievement motivation
motive to achieve success (MAS)
capacity to experience pride in ones accomplishments and is characterized by desire to challenge oneself
motive to avoid failure (MAF)
desire to protect ones ego and self-esteem
avoid perception of shame that goes with failure
MAS-dominate athletes like what kind of situations
50% achieveable
MAF-dominate athletes like what kind of situations
either too easy or way to hard to succeed
routine
adoption of a ritual or mental checklist
diaphragmatic breathing good for
stress management
progressive muscular relaxation good for what
muscular tension and relax
achieve appropriate level of cognitive and somatic activation before performance
autogenic training good for what
if injured and cant perform PMR
sensations to limb
systematic densitization
combo mental and physical that allow athlete to replace fear response with relaxation
self confidence
belief they can perform a desired behavior
self-efficacy
PERCEPTION of ones ability to perform a given task in a specific situation
whole practice
do the whole skill
part practice
breaks skill into components
segmentation
break skill into clear components
fractionalization
when u break a skill up that u do certain things at the same time
push press, usually u press the bar while push with the legs, but w/ this u would break that into 2 skills
simplification
just makes the task easier
speed, equipment like using a PVC
pure-part training
practice individual parts
once covered all parts
practice whole skill
progressive part training
practice first two parts then together
practice third part
then all together
repetitive part training
first skill, then add second, then practice together
then add third, practice together
and so on
guided discovery
instructions about the overall movement goal and prompts for task accomplishment
dont explicit tell them how to accomplish
discovery
knows overarching goal of task and athlete receives little to no direction
what can happen with a discovery learning style
slow the learning process down
what can happen with an explicit instructions learning style
impair performance in a stressful environment
augmented feedback
feedback from an observer
coach, technology, video, lab equipment
knowledge of results
info about execution of the task
knowledge of performance
info about movement pattern
