Ch.8

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

Converts solar energy into chemical energy - carbohydrates

Question 2

Autotrophs

Answer 2

Organisms that carry on photosynthesis (ex. Plants, algae, and cyanobacteria)

Question 3

Heterotrophs

Answer 3

Organisms that feed on other organisms

Question 4

What do autotrophs and heterotrophs use

Answer 4

Organic molecules produced by photosynthesis

Question 5

Where does photosynthesis occur in plants

Answer 5

It occurs in the green parts of plants (ex. leaves)

Question 6

Process of photosynthesis

Answer 6

• Water is taken up by roots and transported to leaves by veins
• Carbon dioxide enters through openings of leaves called stomata
• Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and other pigments in the thylakoids of chloroplasts

Question 7

Chloroplast structure

Answer 7

• The chloroplast and its fluid-filled interior (stroma) are surrounded by a double membrane
• Thylakoids are a membrane system within the stroma that form flattened sacs
• Thylakoids are stacked together to form grana

Question 8

Photosynthetic reaction

Answer 8

• Glucose and oxygen are the products of photosynthesis
• The oxygen given off comes from water
• CO(sub)2 gains hydrogen atoms and becomes a carbohydrate

Question 9

What are the two types of photosynthesis reactions

Answer 9

Light reactions (light-dependent) and Calvin reactions (light-independent)
-NADP+ links these reactions

Question 10

What happens in light reactions

Answer 10

Different pigments within the thylakoid membranes absorb energy

Question 11

Plants as solar energy converters

Answer 11

• The electromagnetic spectrum extends from very short gamma rays to very long radio waves
• White or visible light is only a small portion of the spectrum
• Visible light is divided into wavelengths between 380 and 750 nm

Question 12

The colors of visible light range from

Answer 12

Violet light (shortest wavelength but high energy) to red light (longest wavelength but lowest energy)
-Green light is reflected and only minimally absorbed

Question 13

Where do light reactions take place

Answer 13

In the thylakoid membrane

Question 14

What are the two pathways that make up light reactions

Answer 14

Noncyclic electron pathway and cyclic electron pathway

Question 15

Noncyclic and cyclic electron pathways

Answer 15

• Both transform solar energy to chemical energy
• Both produce ATP
• Only noncyclic produces NADPH