Ch8 Flashcards
What are the principles of Beneficence and Nonmalfeasance?
HCPs must always in do what is in their patience’s best interest
The HCP must never knowingly harm a patient or at least must do the least amout of harm necessary to achieve the patient’s health or well being
“Do the least amount of harm necessary”
What is the principle of Self-Determination
The patient typically enters the relationship seeoking the help of the HCP in tegard to physical or psychological concerns.
Recognition that thempatient and HCP are equal in terms of human dignity is the foundation for the principle of self determination
Means that individuals possess the ability and right to make decisions
responsibility for own welfare
made by rational human person
right to choose or refuse a given treatment since patient is equal to HCP in terms of dignity.
What is the principle of Integrity and Totality?
Each dimension must be fully differentiated and develop
one must not neglect any dimension of the human being, but must develop each demension to the greatest extent possible.
totality assets that one has a duty to promote the good of the whole in one’s moral decisions, and in promoting the overall good one should remove what threatens it.
What is the principle of informed consent
informed consent refers to a patient’s agreement to undergo a medical treatment or procedure, or to participate in a clinical trial.
Making sure the procedure is in best interest
Information
best choice/option
Comprehension
proxy consent: when you cannot make the decsion on your own. Can’t comprehend it( age, language, mental capacity). Third party makes decision in patient’s best interest
Substitution judgement
where a patient was at one time competent but now no longer is (Alzheimer’s disease)
Best intrest standard
applies when the patient in question has never been competent. Severe mental illness
voluntariness
implies that patients clearly understand their medical situation and are not unduly influenced by the HCP to choose a specific treatment or act in a specific way.
Principle of Truth-telling
Patients need to know the truth about heir conditions so they can exercise se.f determination and making informal decisions
The Patient’s Bill of Rights
When it is not medically advisable to give such information to patient, the information should be made available to an appropriate person on his or her behalf
Truth-telling has a religous effect since we Catholics believe life is only a part. It is a transition
Principle of Confidentiality
Refers to keeping snesitive information private.Unathorized persons must ne excluded from obtaining a patient’s medical information and those who have access to the information must never reveal it to outside parties.
Provison of Health Care
Principle of Double Effect
Comes into play when a particular decision has both positives and negatives.
Consists of four parts, each of whcih must be fulfilled in order for the principles as a whole to be applied
1) The action in question is not intrinsically evil or wrong
2) One intends the good effect of the action in question, and does not intend its harmful side-effects.
3) The evil consequence of the action is not the means by which the good consequence is achieved
4) The harmful consequences of the action do not exceed its good consequences; or there is a proportionate reason for permitting the evil consequences.
Medical issues at the beginning of life
What is a humn embryo
Does it have any moral standing
When precisely does human life begin
One Medical issue at the beginning of life
1) The embryo is simply a mass of cells.
2) The embryo is a human person from the time of its conception.
3) It is impossible to discern the precise moment when the embryo becomes a person.
Why does the Church Oppose Embryonic Stem-Cell research?
First, preperation of embryonic stem cells from a living embryo requires the destruction of the embryo. The church teaches it is agravely
