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CHEMISTRY F4 > CH8 > Flashcards

CH8 Flashcards

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1
Q

Definition of alloy

A

A mixture of of 2 or more elements where the main element is a metal

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2
Q

6 Examples of alloy

A

Duralumin
Bronze
Steel
Stainless
Brass
Pewter

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3
Q

3 Characteristics of alloy

A

Shiny
Resistant to corrosion
Hard

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4
Q

3 Characteristics of pure metal

A

Dull
Easily corroded
Less harder

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5
Q

Explain why are pure metals ductile (3m)

A

Pure metal consist of 1 type of atom of the same size
Metal atoms are arranged in an orderly arrangement
When forces is applied, layers of metal atom of pure metal slides easily over each other.

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6
Q

Explain why are pure metals malleable

A

There are empty spaces between the atoms in a pure metal
When forces is applied, layers of atoms in pure metals slide to fill the empty structure forming a new structure

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7
Q

Explain why are alloy hard

A

Foreign atoms are mixed with the pure metal
The added/mixed foreign atoms are different in size compared to atoms in pure metal.
Orderly arrangement of atoms in a pure metal is distrupted
It is difficult for layers of atoms in an alloy to slide over each other when force is applied

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8
Q

4 Elements of Duralumin

A

Aluminium
Copper
Magnesium
Manganese

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9
Q

2 Elements of bronze

A

Copper
Tin

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10
Q

2 Elements of Brass

A

Copper
Zinc

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11
Q

2 Elements of Steel

A

Iron
Carbon

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12
Q

4 Elements of Stainless steel

A

Iron
Carbon
Chromium
Nickel

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13
Q

3 Elements of Pewter

A

Copper
Antimony
Tin

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14
Q

3 Properties of Duralumin

A

Stronger than pure Al
Low Density
Does not rust

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15
Q

3 Properties of Bronze

A

Stronger than pure Cu
Does not rust
Shiny

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16
Q

3 Properties of Brass

A

Stronger than pure Cu
Does not rust
Shiny

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17
Q

3 Properties of Steel

A

Aka carbon steel
Stronger and harder
Malleable

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18
Q

2 Properties of Stainless steel

A

Stronger than pure iron
Resistant to corrosion

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19
Q

3 Properties of Pewter

A

Stronger than Pure Sn
Does not rust
Shiny

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20
Q

3 Uses of Duralumin

A

Body of aeroplane
Electric cable
Racing bicycles

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21
Q

3 Uses of Bronze

A

Medals
Monuments
Trophies

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22
Q

3 Uses of Brass

A

Musical instruments
Doorknobs
Keys

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23
Q

3 Uses of Steel

A

Structure of buildings
Railway Tracks
Body of cars

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24
Q

3 Uses of stainless steel

A

Cutlery
Sinks
surgical instruments

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25
Q

3 Uses of Pewter

A

Trophies
Souvenirs
Decorative ornaments

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26
Q

Definition of ceramics

A

Solid made up of inorganic and non-metallic substances

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27
Q

6 Basic properties of ceramics

A

High thermal resistant
Heat Insulator
Hard & strong
Electrical Insulator
Break easily
Chemically inert

28
Q

Why is ceramic only melt at high temperature/heat insulator/hard & strong/resistant to compression

A

Atoms in ceramics are bonded by strong covalent bond and ionic bond

29
Q

Why is ceramic brittle and breaks easily when stretched

A

When force is applied, atoms in ceramics cannot slide over each other because the atoms are strongly bonded in an indefinite

Energy from the force will be used to break the bonds between atoms

30
Q

Why is ceramic heat//electrical insulator

A

Electrons of atoms in a ceramic dont move freely to conduct heat//electricity

31
Q

Traditional ceramics are made up of what

A

Clay

32
Q

Advanced ceramics are made up of what

A

Inorganic compounds

33
Q

Pros of advanced compared to traditional ceramics

A

higher resistant to heat and abrasion
more chemically inert
have superconductivity properties

34
Q

6 Basic properties of glass

A

Chemically inert
Transparent
waterproof
heat insulator
hard but brittle
electrical insulator

35
Q

4 Types of glass

A

Fused silica
soda-lime
borosilicate
lead crystal

36
Q

What is fused silica glass made up of

A

Silica without adding other elements

37
Q

2 Characteristics of fused silica glass

A

Withstand thermal shock
High melting point

38
Q

What is sodalime glass made up of

A

Silicon Dioxide
Calcium carbonate
Sodium carbonate

39
Q

4 Characteristics of Soda-lime glass

A

Low melting point
easily moulded
cannot withstand high temperature
easily crack when heated

40
Q

Borosilicate glass made up of

A

Silicon dioxide
Sodium carbonate
Calcium carbonate
Boron Oxide
Aluminium Oxide

41
Q

3 Properties of borosilicate glass

A

Low expansion coefficient
Can withstand thermal shock
resistant to heat

42
Q

What is lead Crystal glass made up of

A

Silicon Dioxide
Sodium Carbonate
Lead (ii) oxide

43
Q

4 Properties of Lead Crystal Glass

A

Softer
Higher density
heavier
higher refractive index

44
Q

Definition of composite material

A

material made up from combining 2 or more non-homogeneous substance; matrix substance and strengthening substance

45
Q

Matrix substance and strengthening substance of reinforced concrete

A

s; steel bar//wire mesh
m; concrete

46
Q

Use of reinforced concrete

A

build building, bridges and dams

47
Q

Matrix substance and strengthening substance of fibre glass

A

m; plastic
s; glass fibre

48
Q

Uses of fibre glass

A

Helmets
car bumpers
printed circuit board

49
Q

Matrix substance and strengthening substance of Optical fibre

A

m;glass//plastic
s; silica glass fibres

50
Q

Uses of Optical fibre

A

cables, video cameras

51
Q

Matrix substance and strengthening substance Photochromic glass

A

m;glass
s; Silver chloride & Copper I Chloride

52
Q

4 Uses of Photochromic glass

A

Protects user from uv light
camera lens
car & building windows

53
Q

Definition of superconductors

A

Composite material that has superconductivity properties other than alloy

54
Q

3 Properties of concrete

A

high compression strength
low stretching strength
resistant to corrosion

55
Q

2 Properties of Wire mash & steel bars

A

high stretching strength
corrodes easily

56
Q

3 Properties of reinforced concrete

A

high compression and stretching strength
resistant to corrosion

57
Q

6 Properties of Plastic

A

High compression strength
Low stretching strength
Flexible
Low heat & electrical conductivity
Resistant to corrosion
Durable

58
Q

4 Properties of glass fibre

A

High stretching strength
Low heat & electrical conductivity
Low Compression strength
Hard

59
Q

4 Properties of fibre glass

A

High stretching strength
Heat and electrical insulator
resistant to corrosion
durable

60
Q

2 Properties of optical fibre

A

High compression strength
flexible

61
Q

3 Properties of glass as matrix substances

A

Transparent
Does not absorb UV ray
not sensitive to light

62
Q

3 Properties of SIlver chloride

A

Transparent to visible light
absorb uv light
Sensitive to light intensity

63
Q

3 Properties of photochromic glass

A

Transparent
Absorbs uv rays
Absorption of uv rays depends on light intensity

64
Q

Property of UNBOUND ybco

A

high electrical resistance at room temperature

65
Q

Property of bound ybco

A

No electrical resistant at very low temperature

66
Q

2 Difference and cons of Optical fibre compares to other wires

A

carry information in larger quantity
not influenced by electromagnetic disturbance

67
Q

Function of matrix substance

A

Surrounds and binds strengthening substances together

CHEMISTRY F4 (6 decks)

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