CH2&3 Flashcards
Definition of Matter
Anything that has mass and occupies space
Definition of Melting Point
Constant temperature when a substance change from solid to liquid at a specific pressure
Definition of Boiling point
Constant temperature when a substance change from liquid to gas at a specific pressure
Definition of Proton Number
Number of proton in a nucleus of an atom
Definition of Nucleon number
Total number of proton and neutron in a nucleus of an atom
Definition of Isotope
Atoms of the same elements that have the same Proton Number but different number of neutrons
Definition of atom
The smallest neutral particle of an element that participates in a chemical reaction.
Definition of molecule
Neutral Particle that consist of 2 or more atoms of the same or different elements that have been bonded chemically
Definition of Elements
Substance that consists of only one atom
Definition of Compound
Substance that consists of 2 or more different elements that are chemically bonded together
Substances that undergoes Sublimation
ammonium chloride, iodine, camphor, naphthalene, dry ice.
Why temperature remain constant during a phase of Heating
Heat energy absorbed by particles are used to overcome forces of attraction between particles so solid can change to liquid
Why temperature remain constant during a phase of Cooling
Heat energy lost/releases by particles to surrounding is balanced by the heat energy releases when particles attract each other to form solid
Development of Atomic structure model
Dalton-Atom
Thompson-Electron
Rutherford-Proton
Bohr-Shells
Chadwick-neutrons
3 Similarities of Isotopes
Chemical Properties
Proton Number
Elements
2 Differences of isotopes
Number or neutron
Physical properties
Use of Iodine 131
Measure rate of Iodine absorption by Thyroid Gland
Use of Sodium-14
Detect underground pipes leakage
Uses of Cobalt-60
Kill Cancer cells
Use of carbon-14
estimate age of artifacts
Use of Phosphorus-32
study plant metabolism
Definition of Relative atomic mass
Average mass of one atom of the element when compared to 1/12 of mass of one carbon-12 atom
Definition of Relative Molecular Mass
Average mass of the molecule when compared to 1/12 of mass of one carbon-12 atom
Definition of Molar Mass
Mass of 1 mol of a substance
Definition of Molar Volume
Volume occupied by 1 mol of a gas
Definition of valence shell
Outermost shell that is filled with electrons
Definition of valence electron
Electrons in the valence shell
Definition of Empirical Formula
Chemical formula that shows the simplest whole number ratio of number of atoms of each elements found in a molecule of a compound
Definition of Molecular Formula
Chemical formula that shows the actual number of atoms of each element found in a molecule of a compound
