Ch.7 Skeletal Muscle Flashcards
Cells that produce bone by secreting matrix
Osteoblasts
Hardening of the matrix
Ossification
Former osteoblasts that have gotten trapped in lacunae
Osteocytes
Threadlike processes in tiny channels through the bone
Canaliculi
Blood cell formation
Hematopoiesis
Light and spongy, Spicules of bone with many spaces between them and bone marrow
Cancellous Bone
Heavy and dense, tiny tightly compacted cylinders of bones
Compact Bone
Membrane that covers the outer surfaces of bones
Periosteum
Membrane that lines hollow interior surfaces of bones
Endosteum
Fills the spaces within bones
Bone Marrow
Most common bone marrow in younger animals, Hematopoietic tissue
Red bone marrow
Primarily adipose connective tissue, most common bone marrow in adult animals
Yellow bone marrow
The joint surfaces are
Articular Surfaces
Lumps, Bumps, and other projections on a bone
Processes
Holes in bones
Foramen
Smooth areas of compact bone where bones come in contact with each other
Joints
Flat articular surface
Facet
Depressed or sunken area on surface of bone
Fossa
Bones of the head and trunk, located along central axis of body
Axial Skeleton
Jagged immovable fibrous joints
Sutures
Single bone that forms caudoventral (base) of the skull
Occipital
2 small bones located on dorsal midline between occipital and parietal bones
Interparietal
2 bones that form dorsolateral walls of cranium
Parietal
2 bones located central to parietal bones
Temporal
2 bones form the forehead region of the skull
Frontal Bones
Single bone resembles flying bat and forms bottom of cranium
Sphenoid Bone
Single bone rostral to sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
3 tiny pairs of bones hidden in middle ear
Ossicles
House upper incisor teeth also known as premaxillary bones
Incisive Bones
2 small bones that form part of medial orbit of eye
Lacrimal Bones
Single u-shaped bone
Hyoid Bone (Hyoid Apparatus)
7 found in nearly all mammals
Cervical Vertebrae
Unique vertebrae because they fuse together to form the sacrum
Sacral Vertebrae
Bones of the tail
Coccygeal Vertebrae
Most proximal bone of thoracic limb
Scapula
Long bone of brachium
Humerus
Carpus is also called
The Knee
Extend distally from distal row of carpal bones
Metacarpal Bones
Individual bones that make up digits
Phalanges
Long bone of the thigh
Femur
Cranial most bone of pelvis, hands on hip
Ilium
Caudal most bone of pelvis (sit)
Ischium
Smallest of 2 pelvic bones
Pubis
Largest sesamoid bone in body, Kneecap
Patella
Thin, complete bone that doesn’t support weight but acts as muscle attachment site
Fibula
Main weight bearing bone of lower leg
Tibia
AKA hock, two rows of short bones
Tarsal Bones
Bones that form in soft organs
Visceral Skeleton
Opposite movements, increase or decrease angle between two bones
Flexion and Extension
Opposite movements, moves away from or toward medial plane
Abduction and Adduction
