Ch5-Chicago School and Social Disorganisation Flashcards
What was the chicago school ?
was one of the earliest criminology schools in the USA, it developed in the late 19th and early 20th century, during a period of rapid social and economic change inthe USA. The great depression of the 1930s contributed to increasing poverty and unemployment; increasing crime.
Who were the main authors of the Chicago School?
Robert Park, Ernest Burgess and Clifford Shaw
Who is Robert Park?
The founder of the Chicago School; he is known for his work on urban sociology and human ecology
Who is Ernest Burgess?
he focuses on social disorganization and the concentric zone model of urban development
Who is clifford Shaw?
he focuses on juvenile delinquency and the cultural transmission of criminal behaviour.
What is the social disorganiztion theory?
the theory that argues that crime is the result of the breakdown of social control in areas experiencing rapid social and economic change
What are the main factors that contribute to social disorganization?
poverty, immigration, racial diversity, ehtnic diversity
What is the concentric zone model?
the describes how cities are organised into concentric rings with the central business district at the center and residential areas in teh outer rings. Crime and other social problems are concentrated inteh inner-city areas which are characterised by poverty, social disorganization and lack of social control
What is cultural transmission theory?
the theory argues that criminal behaviour is learned through interactions with others, particularly in close-knit communities where criminal behaviour is normalised. The criminal behaviour is not an innate quality but rather a learned behaviour that is transmitted through social interactions from ome generation to the next through cultural and social processes.
What are the cultural and social processes of the cultural transmission theory?
differntial association, integrational transmission, techniques of neutralisation and social learning
what are teh chicago school criticisms?
has been criticized for its emphasis on urban areas and its neglect of rural areas. Also criticized for its focus on social disorganization as the primary cause of crime and its neglect of individual-level factors such as personality and motivation.
what is the chicago school influence?
its focus on the social and cultural roots of crime has led to a greater understanding of the complex relationship between crime and society. Its emhasis on empirical research and scientific inquiry has also contributed to the development fo evidence based approaches to crime prevention and intervention.
