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Medical Terminology COP 627 > Ch4 Integumentary System > Flashcards

Ch4 Integumentary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

integumentary system

A

includes the skin and its accessory structures

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2
Q

epidermis

A

outer layer of skin; waterproof layer that functions as protection and contains melanocytes that secrete melanin

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3
Q

dermis

A

deep layer of skin that contains the sweat and oil glands; also contains tiny muscles attached to the hair follicles

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4
Q

subcutaneous layer

A

layer of loose connective tissue that connects the skin to the surface muscles; contains the blood vessels and fat; also called the hypodermis

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5
Q

adipocytes

A

fat cells that make up most of the subcutaneous layer

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6
Q

arrector pili muscles

A

tiny muscles that attach to the hair follicle

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7
Q

hair

A

keratinized fibers that arise from hair follicles

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8
Q

hair follicle

A

area from which hair grows; located in the dermis

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9
Q

keratin

A

protein found in hair and nails that promotes hardness

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10
Q

keratinocytes

A

cells found in the epidermal layer of the skin that secrete keratin and assist in waterproofing the body

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11
Q

melanocytes

A

cells that give color to the skin, eyes, and hair by secreting the pigment melanin; located in the dermis

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12
Q

nail

A

translucent plate made of keratin that covers and protects the ends of fingers and toes

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13
Q

sebaceous glands

A

glands that secrete oil (sebum) into the hair follicles and onto the dermis

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14
Q

sebum

A

oily secretion of the sebaceous gland

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15
Q

sudoriferous glands

A

glands that secrete sweat and assist in body temperature regulation

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16
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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17
Q

cry/o

A

cold

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18
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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19
Q

derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o

A

skin

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20
Q

electr/o

A

electric, electricity

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21
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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22
Q

hidr/o

A

sweat

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23
Q

kerat/o

A

hard

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24
Q

lip/o

A

fat

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25
Q

melan/o

A

dark, black

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26
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

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27
Q

necr/o

A

death

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28
Q

onych/o

A

nail

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29
Q

pachy/o

A

thick

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30
Q

py/o

A

pus

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31
Q

rhytid/o

A

wrinkle

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32
Q

scler/o

A

hard

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33
Q

seb/o

A

sebum (oily secretion)

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34
Q

trich/o

A

hair

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35
Q

xanth/o

A

yellow

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36
Q

xer/o

A

dry

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37
Q

a-, an-

A

without, not

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38
Q

bio-

A

life

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39
Q

epi-

A

on, following

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40
Q

intra-

A

within

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41
Q

para-

A

beside

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42
Q

per-

A

through

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43
Q

sub-

A

below, beneath

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44
Q

trans-

A

across, through

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45
Q

-cide

A

substance that kills

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46
Q

-derma

A

skin

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47
Q

-ectomy

A

excision, surgical removal

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48
Q

-genic

A

originating, producing

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49
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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50
Q

-logist

A

one who specializes in

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51
Q

-logy

A

study of

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52
Q

-malacia

A

softening

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53
Q

-pathy

A

disease

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54
Q

-phagia

A

eating

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55
Q

-plasia

A

formation, growth

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56
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair, reconstruction

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57
Q

-rrhea

A

flowing, discharge

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58
Q

-tome

A

cutting instrument

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59
Q

adipose

A

fat, fatty

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60
Q

atypical

A

unusual

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61
Q

circumscribed

A

contained to a specific area

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62
Q

cyanosis

A

blue discoloration of the skin and other tissues

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63
Q

diaphoresis

A

profuse sweating

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64
Q

dysplasia

A

abnormal growth of tissue

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65
Q

erythematous

A

condition of being red

66
Q

eschar

A

blackened area of burned tissue

67
Q

exfoliation

A

shedding of dead skin cells

68
Q

hyperplasia

A

excessive growth of tissue

69
Q

indurated

A

pertaining to an area of hardened tissue

70
Q

integumentary

A

pertaining to the skin and accessory structures

71
Q

pallor

A

abnormally pale skin coloration

72
Q

pruritic

A

pertaining to an itch

73
Q

purulent

A

containing pus

74
Q

sebaceous

A

pertaining to sebum

75
Q

sudoriferous

A

pertaining to sweat

76
Q

turgor

A

state of turgidity (fullness) of cells due to fluid absorption

77
Q

abrasion

A

injury resulting in removal or disturbance of the superficial layer of skin

78
Q

abscess

A

a circumscribed collection of pus caused by a bacterial infection

79
Q

acne

A

inflammatory disease of sebaceous glands and hair follicles marked by papules (pimples) and pustules (pimples with pus)

80
Q

albinism

A

a group of inherited disorders with deficiency of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

81
Q

burn

A

injury to the skin cause by heat or other means

82
Q

superficial burn

A

a burn involving only the epidermis; causes redness and swelling but no blisters (e.g. most sunburns); commonly called first-degree burn

83
Q

partial-thickness burn

A

a burn involving the epidermis and the dermis; usually involves blisters; commonly called a second-degree burn

84
Q

full-thickness burn

A

a burn involving destruction of the entire skin; extends into subcutaneous fat, muscle, and/or bone and often causes severe scarring; commonly called a third-degree burn

85
Q

carbuncle

A

collection of large localized abscesses usually arising in hair follicles and typically infected with staphylococcus bacteria

86
Q

cellulitis

A

inflammation of the subcutaneous connective tissue

87
Q

cicatrix

A

the fibrous tissue replacing normal tissues destroyed by disease or injury, commonly called a scar

88
Q

comedo

A

a plug of sebum in the hair follicle that becomes darkened; commonly called a blackhead

89
Q

contusion

A

injury producing discoloration and swelling without causing a break in the skin; commonly called a bruise

90
Q

cyst

A

a closed sac that contains liquid or semisolid materila

91
Q

decubitus ulcer

A

a pressure sore of the skin and underlying tissues; commonly called a bedsore

92
Q

dermatome

A

area of skin supplied by peripheral nerves

93
Q

eczema

A

inflammatory condition causing patchy redness, scales, blisters, itchiness, and burning

94
Q

excoriation

A

a scratch mark on the skin

95
Q

fissure

A

a deep furrow, cleft, slit, or tear in the skin

96
Q

furuncle

A

infection of a hair follicle, commonly called a boil

97
Q

gangrene

A

area of necrosis (tissue death) due to lack of blood flow

98
Q

herpes simplex

A

an eruption of blisters on the skin caused by a local infection of the herpes virus; known as cold sores when they appear on the lips

99
Q

herpes zoster

A

an infection caused by the herpesvirus (varicella-zoster virus) characterized by an eruption of blisters that follows the course of affected peripheral nerves (dermatomes); commonly called shingles

100
Q

impetigo

A

a contagious bacterial skin infection typically occurring on the face in children

101
Q

jaundice

A

abnormal yellowing of the skin caused by bile accumulation

102
Q

keloid

A

an overgrowth of scar tissue

103
Q

lesion

A

a pathologic change in tissue resulting from disease or injury

104
Q

macula

A

a small, flat discolored spot on the skin

105
Q

nevus

A

a birthmark or mole on the skin, especially one that is raised and red colored

106
Q

nodule

A

solid raised area located in any area of the skin

107
Q

papule

A

a small, raised, solid circumscribed area of the skin

108
Q

paronychia

A

inflammation and infection around the nail due to bacteria or fungi

109
Q

pediculous

A

an infestation of lice

110
Q

psoriasis

A

skin condition marked by red, itchy scaly patches primarily on the scalp, knees, elbows, and trunk

111
Q

pustule

A

a small circumscribed elevation of the skin containing pus

112
Q

rosacea

A

chronic disorder of the skin causing erythematous (red areas), papules, pustules, and increased sebum production; usually occurs on the face

113
Q

scabies

A

skin disease with eruptions and itching caused by mites

114
Q

tinea

A

fungal infection of the hair, skin, and nails; commonly called ringworm

115
Q

tinea capitis

A

fungal infection of the scalp

116
Q

tinea pedis

A

fungal infection of the feet; commonly called athlete’s foot

117
Q

urticaria

A

an eruption of itchy round, red welts (wheals) usually related to an allergy; commonly called hives

118
Q

varicella

A

an acute contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus and producing various skin eruptions; commonly known as chickenpox

119
Q

verruca

A

contagious and sometimes painful wart commonly caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV)

120
Q

vesicle

A

a clear, fluid-filled, raised lesion; commonly called a blister

121
Q

vitiligo

A

areas of the skin that do not have melanocytes, appearing as white patches on otherwise normal skin

122
Q

wheal

A

a raised reddish lesion that often changes size and shape and extends into adjacent areas; usually associated with an allergen

123
Q

xanthoderma

A

any yellow coloration of the skin

124
Q

biopsy (Bx)

A

process of removing tissue from living patients for microscopic examination

125
Q

culture and sensitivity (C&S)

A

growing of an organism from a specimen from the body to determine its susceptibility to particular medications

126
Q

frozen section (FS)

A

a thin slice of tissue cut from a frozen specimen used for rapid microscopic diagnosis

127
Q

scratch test

A

type of allergy test in which an antigen (foreign substance) is applied through a scratch in the skin

128
Q

tuberculosis skin test; Mantoux test, purified protein derivative, PPD test

A

an intradermal test to determine whether a patient has tuberculosis or has been exposed to the disease

129
Q

cauterization

A

the use of heat, cold, electric current, or caustic chemicals to destroy tissues

130
Q

cryosurgery

A

the use of freezing temperatures to destroy tissues

131
Q

debridement

A

the removal of any necrotic skin or foreign matter from a wound

132
Q

dermabrasion

A

the removal of acne scars from the skin with sandpaper, rotating brushes, or other abrasive materials

133
Q

dermatoautoplasty; autograft

A

skin grafting using the patient’s own skin

134
Q

dermatoheteroplasty, xenograft

A

skin grafting using skin from another species

135
Q

dermatome

A

instrument used for cutting thin slices of skin for grafting or excising small lesions

136
Q

dermatoplasty

A

surgical repair of the skin

137
Q

electrodessication and curettage (ED&C)

A

burning off of skin growths using electrical currents

138
Q

excision

A

the act of cutting out

139
Q

incision

A

the act of cutting into (surgically)

140
Q

incision and drainage (I&D)

A

a sterile cut into the skin to release fluid

141
Q

irrigation

A

washing out an area with fluid

142
Q

rhytidectomy

A

surgical removal of wrinkles

143
Q

rhytidoplasty

A

surgical repair of wrinkles

144
Q

suture

A

to unite two surfaces by sewing

145
Q

antifungal

A

drug used to kill fungi

146
Q

antiinfective

A

drug used to decrease or remove infection

147
Q

antiinflammatory

A

drug used to decrease inflammation

148
Q

antipruritic

A

drug used to relieve itching

149
Q

intralesional injection

A

injection of medication into a lesion or scar

150
Q

liquid nitrogen

A

nitrogen in a liquid state used in cryosurgery to remove a verruca or other lesion

151
Q

pediculicide

A

medication used to kill lice

152
Q

scabicide

A

medication used to kill mites associated with scabies

153
Q

steroid

A

class of organic drug used to treat many inflammatory conditions

154
Q

dermatology

A

a medical specialty focusing on the study of skin and treatment of skin disorders

155
Q

dermatologist

A

physician who specializes in dermatology

156
Q

medical aesthetician

A

licensed professional specializing in skin care, especially facial skincare

157
Q

Bx

A

biopsy

158
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity

159
Q

ED&C

A

electrodessication and curettage

160
Q

FS

A

frozen section

161
Q

I&D

A

incision and drainage

162
Q

PPD

A

purified protein derivative of tuberculin

Medical Terminology COP 627 (16 decks)

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