Ch.4 - Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

Tissues
(and the four types)

Answer 1

Tissues are a group of cells with a similar structure and function
1. Epithelial
2. Connective
3. Muscle
4. Nervous Tissues

Question 2

Epithelial Tissues

Answer 2

found on the surface as a covering (outer surface) or lining (inner surface).

Question 3

Epithelial Tissue Classification

Answer 3

he three general classes are:
1) Shape:
squamous- flattened
cuboidal- cube shaped
columnar- tall and narrow
2) Layers:
Simple- 1 layer
Stratified- many layers

Question 4

Simple squamos epithelial

Answer 4

decription-single layer of flat cells.
thin and smooth
Location- are the lungs and capillaries (small blood vessels).
Function- thinness allows for gas to easily diffuse through them
smoothness prevents blood from clotting.

Question 5

Stratified Squamous epithelium

Answer 5

description- many layers of mostly flattened cells. the lower layers are more rounded and undergo mitosis.
Location- is the epidermis (skin), esophagus and vagina.
Function- Acts as a barrier to pathogens.

Question 6

Transitional Epithelium

Answer 6

description- surface cells change from rounded to flat
(vs stratified that shapes from flat to rounded)
Location- urinary bladder
Function-allows for expansion without tearing.

Question 7

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Answer 7

description- single layer of cube-shaped cells.
Often found in ringlet formation.
Location- are in glands (thyroid and salivary) or in the kidney tubules.
Function- is secretion.

Question 8

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Answer 8

description- taller than they are wide, single layer
Location- is the stomach and small intestine.
Function- would be to secrete gastric juices and absorb nutrients/food.

Question 9

Microvilli

Answer 9

description- microscopic folds found on the columnar cells
location- of the small intestine
function- they greatly increase surface area for the absorption of foods and nutrients

Question 10

Ciliated columnar epithelium

Answer 10

description- type of columnar cell with cilia on their free surface
location- in the respiratory tract and Fallopian tubes.
function- They sweep in unison to move material across the cell surface.

Question 11

Glands

Answer 11

1. Glands are cells or organs that secrete something.
   a. Goblet cells are unicellular glands which secrete mucus.
2. Multicellular glands (two major groups):
   a. Exocrine- have ducts which take the secretions to the site of its function (salivary and sweat glands).
   b. Endocrine- ductless glands and usually secrete hormones into the bloodstream.

Question 12

Epithelial Membranes

Answer 12

1. Serous membranes- are sheets of simple squamous epithelium that line closed body cavities.
   a. Pleural membranes- thoracic cavity b. peritoneum- abdominal cavity
   c. pericardial membrane- heart
   2.Mucous Membranes- line body cavities open to the outside environment. Keep the cells moist.
   a. Digestive
   b. respiratory
   c. urinary
   d. reproductive tracts