CH3 | Protein Synthesis Inhibitors (Clindamycin)

Question 1

What is Clindamycin?

Answer 1

A chlorine-substituted derivative of lincomycin.

Question 2

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Clindamycin?

Answer 2

Same as macrolides. Clindamycin binds irreversibly to the 50S subunit, inhibiting translocation and may affect transpeptidation.

Question 3

What are the resistance mechanisms for Clindamycin?

Answer 3

Same as macrolides:
* Reduced permeability or active efflux.
* Decreased affinity of the 50S ribosomal subunit due to the methylation of the binding site in Gram-positive bacteria.
* The presence of plasmid-associated enzymes called esterases that hydrolyze macrolides, as in the case of the gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae.

Question 4

What types of infections is Clindamycin used to treat?

Answer 4

Infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, such as MRSA, streptococcus, and anaerobic bacteria.

Treatment of skin and soft-tissue infections.

Question 5

What forms is Clindamycin available in?

Answer 5

Oral and IV.

Question 6

How does Clindamycin distribute in the body?

Answer 6

Distributes well to all body fluids but has poor entry into the central nervous system (CSF).

Question 7

How is Clindamycin metabolized?

Answer 7

Extensive oxidative metabolism to active and inactive metabolites.

Question 8

How is Clindamycin excreted from the body?

Answer 8

Excreted into bile and urine.

Question 9

Which bacteria is resistant to Clindamycin?

Answer 9

C. difficile.

Question 10

What treatments are recommended for C. difficile infections?

Answer 10

Treatment with vancomycin or metronidazole.