Ch.3 Kingdom Classification Flashcards
First person to think of classification
Aristotle
Define classification
The process of arranging things into groups or sets according to some common properties
Define Taxonomy
The branch of biology that deals with naming and classifying organisms
(3) What are some advantages of classifying?
Helps in identifying organisms and categorizing them into groups
- Leads to a systematic study of living organisms
- it provides information about plants and animals living in different geographical regions
- it helps understand how different types of organisms have evolved over millions of years
Person who developed a way to organise plants and animals
Carolus Linnaeus
What are the two parts of a binomial name?
genus and species
Who proposed the five kingdom taxonomic classification?
1969, Robert Whittaker
Define prokaryotic cell
A cell that does not have a well-defined nucleus
Define Eukaryotic cell
a cell that has a well-defined, membrane bound nucleus
What are the two modes of nutrition?
autotrophic and heterotrophic
What are the five kingdoms?
Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
Who all come under the kingdom monera?
unicellular prokaryotic organisms with cell wall
(all bacteria)
What are the 4 main shapes of bacteria?
Cocci (ball shaped)
Vibrio (comma shaped)
Bacillus (rod shaped)
Spirillum (spiral shaped)
What is a capsule?
A gelatinous outer layer surrounding the cell wall
What do some useful bacteria do? (5)
- Can help in Production of medicines
- can help in the production of vaccines
- can help modify food
- help in the tanning of leather
- help in the retting of fibres
What are some antibiotics produced by bacteria?
Streptomycin
Tetracycline
What is curdling?
When bacteria (lactobacillus) is used to ferment milk and prepare cheese, they convert lactose into lactic acid
This is known as curdling
What can some harmful bacteria do?
Spoil food
Cause diseases
What are some diseases caused by bacteria?
Typhoid
Cholera
Diphtheria
Tuberculosis
Pneumonia
What causes cholera?
What causes typhoid?
What causes diphtheria?
Vibrio Cholerae
Salmonella typhi
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
What causes pneumonia?
What causes tuberculosis?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
What protists make their own food?
Euglena and Diatoms
What protists do not make their own food?
Paramecium and Amoeba
What are pseudopodia
(meaning fake feet) they are temporary, finger-like cytoplasmic projections
What are the 5 parts of amoebic nutrition?
Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Assimilation, Egestion
What are the two types of amoebic reproduction?
Binary Fission
Multiple Fission
Who all are part of the Kingdom Fungi?
Eukaryotes who are saprophytes
they have a cell wall made of chitin
Multicellular (except yeasts)
What are hyphae?
tiny, long, and generally white thread like structures (grow on rhizopus)
What is mycelium?
A network of hyphae
What is sporangia?
Tiny sac-like structures which grow on the end of hyphae
What is the scientific name for bread mold?
Rhizopus
From which fungus is penicillin obtained from?
Penicillium Notatum
What are some mushrooms that can be eaten?
Morchella
Agarius
What are some diseases caused by fungi in plants?
Mildew
Canker
What are some diseases caused by fungi in humans?
Ringworm
Athlete’s foot
what are the characteristics of the kingdom plantae?
multicellular, autotrophic eukaryotes
Cell walls are made of cellulose
Most contain chlorophyll
Who are all part of Kingdom Animalia?
Multicellular, heterotrophic eukaryotes
mostly reproduce by sexual reproduction
motile and can move freely
complex body containing multiple organs and organ systems
Sycon and sponges are part of which phylum?
Phylum Porifera
In phylum porifera, water enters through which pores
ostia
in phylum porifera, water exists from which pores
osculum
Jellyfish and sea anemone are part of phylum _____
Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterata)
tapeworms, planarians, and flukes are in this phylum
Platyhelminthes
What is the scientific name for flatworms
Platyhelminthes
Ascaris, pinworm and whipworm are part of which phylum
Phylum Nematoda and Aschelminthes
Scientific name for round worns
nematodes/aschelminthes
Worms in phylum _____ have nephridia
Phylum Annelida
animals which have jointed legs and segmented bodies belong to phylum
Arthropoda
What are the 4 classes of phylum arthropoda
Crustacea
Myriapoda
Insecta
Arachnida
Centipedes and millipedes are part of what class and phylum
class - myriapoda
phylum - arthropoda
animals in this phylum have a tongue called radula and a muscular foot for locomotion
Phylum Mollusca
Star fish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers are examples of what?
Phylum Echinodermata
What are the 5 phylums of vertebrates
Pisces
Amphibia
Reptilia
Aves
Mammalia
what phylum gives birth to living young
Mammalia
