CH3: ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Question 1

What is an atom?

Answer 1

An atom is the smallest particle that can still have chemical characteristics of an element.

Question 2

What are the 3 sub-atomic particles of an atom?

Answer 2

1. Protons
2. Neutrons
3. Electrons

Question 3

Protons and Neutrons form the _____.

Answer 3

Protons and neutrons form the nucleus.

Question 4

What is the nucleon/mass number?

Answer 4

The total no. of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 5

The proton number is also known as

Answer 5

Atomic number

Question 6

nucleon/mass number is represented by ‘’
proton/atomic number is represented by ‘’

Answer 6

nucleon/mass number: A
proton/atomic number: Z

Question 7

What are the relative charges of protons, nucleons and electrons?

Answer 7

proton: positive (+1)
neutron: neutral (0)
electron: negative (-1)

Question 8

How are the elements in the periodic table arranged?

Answer 8

In order of increasing proton numbers.

Question 9

What are the relative weights of protons, nucleons and electrons?

Answer 9

proton: 1
neutron: 1
electron: 1/1840

Question 10

the number of protons and number of electrons in an atom are ______.

Answer 10

Equal
no. of protons = no. of electrons

Question 11

What is an ion?

Answer 11

When an atom gains or loses electrons to gain positive or negative charge to form a closed shell electric configuration.

(while the no. of protons and neutrons remains the same)

Question 12

When an atom loses electron, it is (positive/negative)

Answer 12

Positive
(Hey, I lost an electron! Are you pawsitive)

Question 13

When an atom gains electrons, it is (positive/negative)

Answer 13

Negative

Question 14

positively charged ions are known as..

Answer 14

Cations

Question 15

negatively charged ions are known as..

Answer 15

Anions

Question 16

What are isotopes?

Answer 16

Elements of the same element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 17

Elements with similar number of protons have similar…

Answer 17

chemical properties

Question 18

Electron shells CLOSEST to the nucleus have the (lowest/highest) energy

Answer 18

Lowest

Question 19

Electrons further away from the nucleus have (stronger/weaker) forces of attraction.

Answer 19

Weaker

Question 20

How many electrons can the first 4 electron shells hold?

Answer 20

1: 2
2: 8
3: 8
4: 32

Question 21

The outermost electron shell is known as?

Answer 21

Valence shell

Question 22

The electrons in the outermost shell are known as?

Answer 22

Valence electrons

Question 23

Elements in the same group have the same?

Answer 23

Valence electrons

Question 24

Elements in the same period have the same?

Answer 24

Electron shells

Question 25

Elements with similar number of protons have similar _____.

Answer 25

chemical properties

Question 26

How to test for metals?

Answer 26

Test if it is an electrical conductor.

Question 27

What are metalloids?

Answer 27

Elements with properties of metals and non-metals.

Question 28

Why are metals electrical conductors?

Answer 28

Metals have delocalised valence electrons that carry charge throughout the metal.

Question 29

When going down a group, there is an ______ in metallic properties and a ______ in non-metallic properties.

Answer 29

Increase in metallic properties
Decrease in non-metallic properties

Question 30

When going across a period, there is a _______ in metallic properties and a _____ in non-metallic porperties.

Answer 30

Decrease in metallic properties
Increase in non-metallic properties