Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y3 Chemistry > CH1: EXPERIMENTAL CHEM > Flashcards

CH1: EXPERIMENTAL CHEM Flashcards

1
Q

What is the SI unit for time?

A

Second (s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the SI unit for temperature?

A

Kelvin (K)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Kelvin to Celcius conversion

A

Temp in K = Temp in °C + 273

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

SI unit for length?

A

metre (m)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

SI unit for mass?

A

Kilograms (kg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SI unit for volume?

A

Cubic meter (m3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which apparatuses are used to measure length?

A
  1. measuring tape
  2. meter ruler
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which apparatuses are used to measure time?

A

analogue and digital stopwatches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is an analogue or digital stopwatch more accurate?

A

Digital.
Digital stopwatch measures to 0.01s
Analogue stopwatch measures to 0.1s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which apparatuses are used to measure temperature?

A
  1. thermometer
  2. data logger
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which apparatuses are used to measure mass?

A
  1. beam balance
  2. electronic balance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which apparatuses are used to measure volume of liquids?

A
  1. pipette
  2. volumetric flask
  3. measuring cylinder
  4. burette
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When should a pipette be used?

A

To measure accurate FIXED volumes to 2 d.p.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When should a volumetric flask be used?

A

To measure accurate FIXED volumes of LARGER quantities to 2 d.p.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When should a measuring cylinder be used?

A

To measure A RANGE of volumes to the nearest 0.5cm3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When should a burette be used?

A

To measure A RANGE of volumes to the nearest 0.05cm3.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which apparatus is used to measure the volume of gas?

A

A gas syringe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

List the methods for collecting gases

A
  1. Water displacement
  2. Downward delivery
  3. Upward delivery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The method used to collect a gas depends on which of its physical properties?

A

Solubility and density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Explain the solubility and density of the gas suitable for water displacement.

A
  • insoluble to slightly soluble
  • can be denser or less dense than air (density does not affect gas collection)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Explain the solubility and density of the gas suitable for downward delivery.

A
  • can be soluble or insoluble
  • denser than air
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Explain the solubility and density of the gas suitable for upward delivery.

A
  • can be soluble and insoluble
  • less dense than air
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Examples of gases that can be collected through downward delivery.

A
  • chlorine
  • hydrogen chloride
  • sulfur dioxide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Examples of gases that can be collected through water displacement.

A
  • oxygen
  • hydrogen
  • carbon dioxide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Examples of gasses that can be collected through upward delivery.

A

ammonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

List the methods for drying gases

A
  1. Concentrated sulfuric acid
  2. Calcium oxide/Quicklime
  3. Fused calcium chloride
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Both calcium chloride and quicklime must be _____ before use.

A

Both calcium chloride and quicklime must be HEATED before use.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Concentrated sulfuric acid is not suitable for gases which ___.

A

… react with sulfuric acid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What does fused calcium chloride do?

A

Calcium chloride ABSORBS MOISTURE from the air.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does Quicklime/calcium oxide do?

A

Calcium oxide ABSORBS MOISTURE and CARBON DIOXIDE from the air

31
Q

Calcium oxide/quicklime is not suitable for gases which____.

A

… react with calcium oxide.

32
Q

Examples of gases that can be dried using concentrated sulfuric acid.

A

most gases, including chlorine and hydrogen chloride

33
Q

Why can ammonia NOT be dried using concentrated sulfuric acid?

A

It is an alkali so it will react with sulfuric acid and neutralise to form salt and water

34
Q

Examples of gases that can be dried through calcium oxide/quicklime

A

ammonia

35
Q

Examples of gases that can be dried through fused calcium chloride

A
  • hydrogen
  • nitrogen
  • carbon dioxide
36
Q

List the different type of mixtures.

A
  1. solid-solid mixture
  2. solid-liquid mixture
  3. liquid-liquid mixture
37
Q

What separation techniques are used to separate solid-solid mixtures?

A
  1. magnetic attraction
  2. sieving
  3. using suitable solvents (dissolving)
  4. sublimation
38
Q

Describe the method of magnetic attraction.

A

Using a magnet to separate magnetic solids from non-magnetic solids.

39
Q

Describe the method of sieving.

A

Using a sieve to separate solids with different particle sizes.

40
Q

Solute and Solvent definition.

A

Solute: solids that dissolve in the solvent
Solvent: liquids that dissolve solids

41
Q

Define solubility

A

The ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent.

42
Q

When can suitable solvents be used to separate solid-solid mixtures?

A

When the solids in the mixture have DIFFERENT SOLUBILITIES in DIFFERENT SOLVENTS and only ONE of the solids is soluble in the solvent.

43
Q

When can sublimation be used to separate solid-solid mixtures?

A

Sublimation can be used to separate a mixture of solids that change from solid to gaseous state directly after heating while the other is stable at the sublimation temperature.

44
Q

What apparatuses are used for sublimation.

A
  1. evaporating dish
  2. inverted filter funnel
45
Q

The resulting solid deposit of sublimation is known as____.

A

Sublimate

46
Q

List the separation techniques for solid-liquid mixtures.

A
  • Filtration
  • Evaporation to dryness
  • Crystallisation
  • Simple distillation
47
Q

Describe the method of filtration.

A

Using a filter to separate insoluble solids from liquids.
The liquid passes through the filter paper and is collected as the filtrate. The insoluble solid remains in the filter paper and is collected as the residue.

48
Q

When is evaporation to dryness used?

A

Evaporation to dryness is used to separate a DISSOLVED SOLID from a solution by HEATING the mixture until all the solvent has VAPORISED.

49
Q

The substance with the (higher/lower) boiling point will turn into gas first.

A

The substance with the LOWER boiling point will turn into gas first.

50
Q

Why can’t sugar be separated using evaporation?

A

When a sugar solution is strongly heated, the sugar burns and breaks down into a black solid. Therefore, sugar cannot be separated from its solution by evaporation.

51
Q

When is crystallisation used as a separation technique

A

Crystallisation is used to obtain a PURE SOLID from its SATURATED SOLUTION.

52
Q

Define what a saturated solution is.

A

A saturated solution is one in which the solute has completely dissolved in.

53
Q

When is simple distillation used as a separation technique?

A
  1. To separate liquid-liquid mixtures with liquids of significantly different boiling points
  2. To obtain the solvent from solid-liquid mixtures.
54
Q

What is the pure solvent collected at the end of distillation called?

A

The distillate

55
Q

Which way does the water enter and exit the condenser? Why?

A

Bottom in, top out.
1. more efficient to condense the vapour
2. ensures complete condensation of all the vapour passing through the condenser.

56
Q

Function of boiling chips.

A

To ensure smooth boiling.

57
Q

List the separation techniques used to separate liquid-liquid mixtures.

A
  • separating funnel
  • chromatography
  • fractional distillation
  • simple distillation
58
Q

What are miscible liquids?

A

Miscible liquids are those which form a uniform HOMOGENOUS solution when mixed together.

59
Q

What are immiscible liquids?

A

Immiscible liquids are those which form HETEROGENEOUS mixtures.

60
Q

When a heterogenous mixture of
two or more immiscible liquids are left undisturbed, they can separate into layers known as ________.

A

When a heterogenous mixture of
two or more immiscible liquids are left undisturbed, they can separate into layers known as PHASES.

61
Q

Function of a separating funnel

A

A separating funnel is used to separate immiscible liquids in a heterogeneous solution.

62
Q

Function of chromatography.

A

Chromatography is used to separate a mixture of MISCIBLE LIQUIDS which have DIFFERENT SOLUBILITIES in a given solvent.

63
Q

More soluble substances will move more rapidly towards the _______.

A

More soluble substances will move more rapidly towards the SOLVENT FRONT.

64
Q

Retention factor equation

A

Rf value = dist travelled by solute ÷ dist travelled by solvent front

65
Q

Conditions needed to compare the solubility of different colours on the chromatograms.

A

They must be dissolved in the same solvent under the same temperature.

66
Q

What precautions need to be taken for paper chromatography?

A
  1. start line drawn in pencil as graphite is not soluble in water -> won’t interfere with the separation of the mixture.
  2. start line should be above solvent level so mixture won’t dissolve the solvent before it can be separated into its components.
  3. spot of the mixture should not be too large to prevent the separated contents from overlapping onto one another
  4. a lid should be used to cover the container to prevent evaporation of the solvent (esp. if solvent is volatile)
67
Q

How to identify colourless substances on chromatograms?

A

Using LOCATING AGENTS
such as iodine or examining chromatogram under UV light
to react with colourless substances to form coloured spots

68
Q

Where should the thermometer be placed in the fractioning column?

A

At the mouth of the condenser.

69
Q

When is fractional distillation used?

A

To separate liquid-liquid mixtures with more than 2 components, whereby the boiling points if the components are close to one another.

70
Q

Why does the fractioning column contain glass beads?

A

To provide a larger surface area for the vapours to condense on.

71
Q

How can the purity of a substance be determined?

A
  1. (liquid) Heat the substance up and if it has a fixed boiling point, it is pure.
  2. (solid) Heat the substance up and if has a fixed melting point, it is pure.
  3. Separate the solution through paper chromatography. If there is only one spot on the chromatogram, it is pure.
72
Q

What is a volitile liquid?

A

A liquid that evaportates easily.

73
Q

Examples of magnetic and non-magnetic metals.

A

magnetic: iron, steel, cobalt, nickel
non-magnetic: copper, aluminium, silver, zinc

Y3 Chemistry (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions