Ch.3 Arterial Pathology/ Patient Hx And Exam

Question 1

What is the most common arterial pathology

Answer 1

Atherosclerosis obliterans

Question 2

Where in the arterial wall does atherosclerosis occur

Answer 2

Between the intima and media

Question 3

What is the most common symptom with peripheral arterial disease

Answer 3

Claudication

Question 4

___: exertional leg pain

Answer 4

Claudication

Question 5

Which is better tolerated by the body and why; acute occlusion or granular occlusion

Answer 5

Gradual because there is more time to form collateral pathways

Question 6

What are the 6 Ps associated with acute arterial occlusion

Answer 6

-pain
-pallor
-pulselessness
-paresthesia
-paralysis
-poikiloderma/ polar

Question 7

___: white or pale skin

Answer 7

Pallor

Question 8

___: abnormal sensation of the skin typically describes as tingling or pins and needles

Answer 8

Paresthesia

Question 9

Which type of aneurysm is diffuse and variable in diameter and length

Answer 9

Fusiform

Question 10

Which type of aneurysm involves a short segment of the vessel

Answer 10

Saccular

Question 11

___: dilation of the artery involving all three wall layers

Answer 11

Aneurysm

Question 12

Where is the most common location for aneurysm

Answer 12

Infrarenal abdominal aorta

Question 13

50% of patients with a popliteal artery aneurysm will most likely have another aneurysm where?

Answer 13

Aortic

Question 14

What is the most common complication of abdominal aortic aneurysm

Answer 14

Rupture

Question 15

What is the most common complication for peripheral arterial aneurysm

Answer 15

Embolization

Question 16

What are some causes of arterial dissection

Answer 16

-spontaneous
-trauma
-hypertension

Question 17

Which wall layer is affected with aortic dissection

Answer 17

Intimal layer

Question 18

Where is the most common location for arterial dissection

Answer 18

Thoracic aorta

Question 19

What are some complications of arterial dissection

Answer 19

-stenosis
- occlusion
- thrombosis
-death

Question 20

With Coarctation of the aorta there is a stricture in which part of the aorta

Answer 20

Thoracic

Question 21

What are some clinical findings associated with coarctation of aorta

Answer 21

-lower extremity ischemia
-exertional leg pain
-decreased or absent pulses
-hypertension due to decreased renal perfusion

Question 22

Where is the most commonly identified location for FMD

Answer 22

Distal internal carotid arteries or renal arteries

Question 23

___: inflammation of arterial wall

Answer 23

Arteritis

Question 24

Type of arteritis that occurs primarily in men <40 who are heavy smokers

Answer 24

Buergers disease

Question 25

Type of arteritis that occurs in females and often referred to as pulselessness disease

Answer 25

Takayasus arteritis

Question 26

Takayasus arteritis usually affects what part of the aorta

Answer 26

Aortic arch and branches

Question 27

___: intermittent digital ischemia due to small vessel vasospasm secondary to cold exposure or emotional stress

Answer 27

Raynaud’s phenomenon

Question 28

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is caused by the compression of the popliteal artery by what

Answer 28

Head of gastrocnemius muscle

Question 29

___: compression of the neurovascular bundle by the shoulder structures

Answer 29

Thoracic outlet syndrome

Question 30

Risk factors for arterial disease

Answer 30

-diabetes -family or personal history -hypertension -hyperlipidemia -tobacco use -age

Question 31

___: pain at rest

Answer 31

Ischemic rest pain

Question 32

___: reddish discoloration of skin

Answer 32

Rubor

Question 33

___: bluish discoloration of the skin

Answer 33

Cyanosis

Question 34

how can these hands be described?

Answer 34

cyanotic

Question 35

how would you describe the shape of this aneurysm

Answer 35

fusiform

Question 36

how would you describe the shape of this aneurysm

Answer 36

saccular

Question 37

what kind of pathology is shown here

Answer 37

aortic dissection