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Vascular Registry > Ch. 4 Arterial Hemodynamics > Flashcards

Ch. 4 Arterial Hemodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

pressure is greater where?

A

at the left ventricle

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2
Q

blood moves from areas of ___ to ___

A

high pressure to low pressure

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3
Q

blood leaves the heart with a mean pressure of ___

A

85-95 mmhg

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4
Q

where is the biggest drop in pressure?

A

arterioles

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5
Q

within the arterioles pressure will fall from app 80 down to ___

A

25-30 mmHG

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6
Q

what is the pressure at the right atrium

A

0 mmHG

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7
Q

___: how much blood is moving

A

flow

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8
Q

___: how fast the blood is moving

A

velocity

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9
Q

what is the term for flow with a constant velocity

A

steady flow

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10
Q

what is the term for flow with variable velocity due to cardiac contractions

A

pulsatile

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11
Q

what is the term for variation in velocity due to respiration

A

phasic flow

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12
Q

what are the three primary forms of energy loss as blood moves through the vessels

A

-friction
-viscosity
inertia

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13
Q

an increase in viscosity = ___ in velocity

A

decrease

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14
Q

a decrease in viscosity = __ in velocity

A

increase

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15
Q

___: smooth organized flow

A

laminar flow

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16
Q

what are the two types of laminar flow

A

-plug
-parabolic

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17
Q

which type of laminar flow is the same from wall to wall

A

plug flow

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18
Q

which type of laminar flow is slower at the vessel wall and faster in the center

A

parabolic flow

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19
Q

which flow is considered parabolic

A

B

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20
Q

which flow is considered plug

A

A

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21
Q

___: value that predicts when laminar flow becomes turbulent

A

Reynolds number

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22
Q

Reynolds number of <1500 = what kind of flow

A

laminar

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23
Q

Reynolds number >2000 = what kind of flow

A

turbulent

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24
Q

if this is the equation for resistance what does each part represent

A

n= viscosity
L= length
r= radius

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25
what is the equation for resistance
26
if viscosity increases, resistance ___
increases
27
if viscosity decreased, resistance ___
decreases
28
if vessel length increases, resistance ___
increases
29
if vessel length decreases, resistance ___
decreases
30
if vessel radius increases, resistance ___
decreases
31
if vessel radius decreases, resistance ___
increase
32
resistance determines _____ in the arteries
rate of flow
33
which usually has a higher resistance blood going to the organs or blood going to the extremities
extremities
34
what has the greatest effect on flow resistance
vessel diameter
35
what happens to your resistance proximal to a stenosis, why
it will begin to increase, the vessel diameter will begin to decrease
36
what happens to your resistance distal to stenosis, why
begins to decrease, vessel will begin to get larger changing the diameter of the vessel
37
an increase in resistance would lead to a ___ in flow volume
decrease
38
an increase in resistance would lead to a ___ in pressure
increase
39
which of the following is a high restive flow pattern
1
40
which of the following is a low resistive flow pattern
2
41
___: decries how much fluid moves through a pathway
poiseuille's law
42
what is poiseuille's equation and what does each part represent
43
according to poiseuille's laws what causes the most significant changes in flow
small changes in vessel radius
44
if the vessel diameter decreases what happens to the velocity
increases
45
if vessel diameter increases what happens to velocity
decreases
46
describe the stenotic profile prox at and distal to the stenosis
-proximal: may or may not be altered depending of severity of snenosis and where the same is being taken -at stenosis: increased velocity and spectral broadenign -distal: turbulence
47
___: relationship between velocity and pressure
Bernoulli's principle
48
as velocity increases what happens to pressure
decreases
49
as velocity decreases what happens to pressure
increases
50
what is Bernoulli equation and what does each part represent
51
what happens to pressure and velocity at a stenosis
velocity will increase causing a decrease in pressure
52
what happens to the blood vessel with exercise
vasodilation
53
with vasodilation what happens to pressure, resistance, and volume
-pressure: decreased -resistance: decreased -volume: increase
54
___: the ability of most tissues and organs to maintain constant blood flow despite changes in perfusion and pressure
auto regulation
55
if BP drops what occurs
vasodilation
56
if BP rises what occurs
vasoconstriction
57
does the vessel dilate or constrict with exercise
vasodilation
58
what happens to resistance in extremities with exercise
turned from high resistance to low because of vasodilation
59
what vessel ill change from high to low after eating due to vasodilation
splanchnic
60
a cool limb would have what kind of flow and why
high resistance due to vasoconstriction
61
a warm limb would have what kind of flow and why
low resistive due to vasodilation
62
and increased hematocrit would have ___ viscosity
increased
63
anemia is the result of ___ viscosity
decreased
64
a delayed upstroke means a stenosis could be ____
proximal
65
with vasoconstriction what happens to the radius, resistance, and volume
-decreased radius -increased resistance -decreased volume
66
what re some things that cause vasoconstriction
-cold -stress -smoking
67
what are some things that can cause vasodilation
-heat -exercise -stenosis
68
at a stenos when velocity is increased what happens to the pressure
decreases

Vascular Registry (5 decks)

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