Ch.3 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Population Distribution
where people live within a geographic area
Climate
the long-term patterns of weather in an area that greatly affect population distribution in direct and indirect ways.
Temperate Climates
Areas with moderate temperatures and adequate precipitation amounts.
Dispersed
Spread out (referring to a population).
Landforms
The natural features of Earth’s surface (influence population distribution).
Human Migration
When people make a permanent move from one place to another.
Population Density
The number of people occupying a unit of land, and is an important aspect of population.
Arithmetic Density
The total number of people per unit area of land.
Physiological Density
The total number of people per unit of arable land.
Arable Land
Land that can be used to grow crops.
Agricultural Density
The total number of farmers per unit of arable land (highest found in Asia).
Subsistence Agriculture
The practice of providing crops and livestock for only the farmer’s families and close community, often when the agricultural density is higher (common in peripheral and semi-peripheral countries with fewer mechanical resources).
Carrying Capacity
The maximum population size an environment can sustain (a concept that originated in biology).
Dependency Ratio
The number of people in a dependent age group (under age 15 or age 65 and older).
Sex Ratio
The proportion of males to females in a population (In general, slightly more males are born than females).
Demographics
Data about the structures and characteristics of human populations.
Fertility
The ability to produce children, and influences the birthrate of a population.
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
The number of births in a given year per 1,000 people in a given population.
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
The average number of children one woman in a given country or region will have during her childbearing years (ages 15 to 49).
Mortality
The number of deaths as a component of population change.
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
The number of deaths of a given population per year per 1,000 people.
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
The number of deaths of children under the age of 1 per 1,000 live births.
Life Expectancy
The average number of years a person is expected to live (the average in most countries is more than 80, but peripheral countries average around 50 years).
Population Pyramids
Graphs showing the age-sex distribution of a given population, that help indicate whether the population is growing rapidly, growing slowly, or in decline.
