Ch29 Seedless Plants McGraw Hill

Question 1

A type of green algae

Closest relative of the land plants

Answer 1

Charophytes

Question 2

Adaptations from Sea to Terrestrial Life…

Answer 2

1. Waxy Cuticle and stomata
2. Xylem to conduct water/minerals and phloem to conduct sugars throughout the body of the plant
   - UV Radiation protection
   - Alternation of generation

Question 3

Bryophytes are also called Nontracheophytes, meaning …..

Answer 3

that they lack vasculature, such as tracheids.

Question 4

Why are the bryophytes limited to a small body size?

Answer 4

bryophytes do not have vascular tissue and rely on water for reproduction.

Question 5

Explain the Mycorrhizal mutualism between bryophyte roots (and nearly all of the land plants) and fungi.

Answer 5

The fungi dramatically increase the surface area of the root for greater water and mineral absorption. Forming a mycorrhizal mutualism is thought to be an important factor in allowing plants to colonize land.

Question 6

About how many species of bryophytes are there?

Answer 6

Approximately 16,000 species of bryophytes

Question 7

Gametophyte is 1——- in Nonvascular-plants and the Sporophyte is small, attached to and nutritionally 2——— upon the gametophyte.

Answer 7

1 dominant

2 dependant

Question 8

How does the reproduction of bryophytes and seedless vascular plants depend upon water?

Answer 8

The sperm need water to move in reproduction process.

Question 9

Define archegonia and antheridia.

Answer 9

archegonia are the female sex organs and antheridia are the male sex organs in plants

Question 10

What do xylem and phloem do and how do the contribute to the growth of plants?

Answer 10

xylem conducts water and minerals from roots to shoots while phloem conducts sugar from source to sink. Presence of this vascular tissue allows plants to grow much larger than bryophytes.

Question 11

Approximately, how many of the following species of plants are there in world:
Ferns, club mosses, horsetail, and whisk ferns

Answer 11

11,0000 estimated ferns
1275 club mosses
15 horsetails
Only 6 whisk ferns

Question 12

What is the function of seeds?

Which plant species are seedless?

Answer 12

functions are nourishment of the embryo, dispersal to a new location, and dormancy during unfavorable conditions.

bryophytes, lycophytes and pterophytes lack seeds.

Question 13

What is the function of fruit?

Answer 13

The functions of the fruit is to protect the seed inside and aid in its dispersal.
Angiosperms are the only group that produce fruit.

Question 14

Lycophytes

Answer 14

club mosses
Not a true moss.
Sporophyte dominant.

Question 15

Pterophytes

Answer 15

whisk ferns, horsetails, ferns
Homosporous (e.g. 1 type of spore)
Require water for reproduction (why?), like bryophytes.
Horsetails have silica. 
Sporophyte dominant.

Question 16

Define sori

Answer 16

Sorus, plural sori, in botany, brownish or yellowish cluster of spore-producing structures (sporangia) usually located on the lower surface of fern leaves.

Question 17

both bryophytes and seedless vascular plants are ————.

Answer 17

Homosporus

Question 18

Bryophytes are composed of what three groups?

Answer 18

Phylum Hepatophyta (liverworts)
Phylum Bryophyta (mosses)
Phylum Anthocerophyta (hornworts)

Question 19

What are the three groups of Tracheophytes?

Answer 19

Phylum Lycophyta – club mosses, spike mosses and quillworts

Phylum Pterophyta – ferns, horsetails and whisk ferns

Seed Plants