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Physical Science > Ch.25 > Flashcards

Ch.25 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the boundary that separates density change

A

discontinuity

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2
Q

How do they identify discontinuities

A

Seismic waves

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3
Q

What is a shadow zone

A

A place where seismic waves don’t pass through due to the material.

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4
Q

What is another name for a shadow zone

A

dead zone

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5
Q

What are the degrees the zones fall between

A

105 and 140

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6
Q

Is the outer core solid or liquid

A

Liquid

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7
Q

Is the inner core solid or liquid and why

A

Solid because of pressure

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8
Q

what makes up the lithosphere

A

crust and uppermost mantel

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9
Q

What is the asthenosphere

A

Plastic like layer that earths plates move on

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10
Q

What elements make the mantel

A

calcium aluminum iron and magnesium

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11
Q

What is the core made of

A

Iron and nickel

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12
Q

What is molten rock called

A

Magma

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13
Q

Where is the ring of fire at

A

Pacific Ocean

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14
Q

What forms when plates collide on subduction zones

A

Volcanoes

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15
Q

What 2 examples of locations have volcanic activity

A

Mid Atlantic ridge and east African rift valley

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16
Q

Is our hot spots

A

Yes

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17
Q

What are created from hot spots

A

Islands

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18
Q

measure of fluids such as lava resistance to flow

A

Viscosity

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19
Q

If a viscosity higher will it flow slow or fast

A

slow

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20
Q

If magma has a high viscosity will it have more or less silica

A

more

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21
Q

What is pyroclastic material

A

any solid material that erupts from a volcano

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22
Q

Smallest type of material

A

Ash

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23
Q

Biggest type

A

Blocks and bombs

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24
Q

What comes from volcanoes

A

Water vapor carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide

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25
Q

How are volcanoes classified

A

Size shape and materials

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26
Q

What is a cinder cone volcano

A

tend to be small and have heights in the meters and have short eruption cycles

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27
Q

3 volcanoes

A

Shield cinder cone composite

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28
Q

A mineral is

A

A naturally occuring inorganic solid

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29
Q

What are the two most abundant elements that make up Earth’s crust

A

Oxygen and silicon

30
Q

What does inorganic mean

A

nonliving

31
Q

What does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between the reflect about a mineral

A

how it breaks and how hard it is

32
Q

What are all of the ways to identify minerals

A

Luster and streak and hardness

33
Q

2 types of luster

A

Metallic Non metallic

34
Q

How does metallic luster reflect

A

Easily

35
Q

How does nonmetallic luster reflect

A

Hard

36
Q

Define rock

A

A solid mineral material

37
Q

How are rocks identified

A

Size shape and how its formed

38
Q

What does the texture of a rock describe about a rock

A

how its formed

39
Q

Where do intrusive igneous rocks form

A

In the ground

40
Q

What type of molten rock does intrusive igneous form from

A

Magma

41
Q

What is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals

A

Bowen reaction system

42
Q

What are 3 types of magma

A

basaltic, andesitic, and rhyoltic

43
Q

Which magma type has a low silica content

A

mafic

44
Q

Which type of magma has a high silica content

A

felsic

45
Q

Which type of crust has an abundant amount of quartz

A

Rocky crust

46
Q

Which type of crust has little to no quartz

A
47
Q

Which type of igneous rock has a coarse grained texture

A

Intrusive

48
Q

What type of igneous rock has a fine coarse grain

A

Extrusive

49
Q

Do fine grained rocks cool slowly or quickly

A

Quickly

50
Q

Do fine grained rocks cool slowly or quickly

A
51
Q

What are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rock

A

fine grained and

52
Q

Which texture is the type with holes left behind behind because of rapid cooling

A
53
Q

Which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rates

A
54
Q

What type of rock has a vesicular texture

A

Extrusive igneous rock

55
Q

Metamorphic rock is changed by a combination of 3 things

A

heat pressure or chemical reactions

56
Q

Which types of rocks can be changed by metamorphism

A
57
Q

What is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over large areas

A

regional

58
Q

What is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over small changes

A

contact

59
Q

When shale is compressed which type of metamorphic rock is created

A

slate

60
Q

What are the 2 types of metamorphic rock textures

A
61
Q

Define foliated texture

A

crystals in layers

62
Q

Define non foliated texture

A

crystals in random spots

63
Q

metamorphic rocks are mainly classified based on which 2 things

A

texture and composition

64
Q

define rock cycle

A

the changing of rock type

65
Q

which types of rocks are part of the rock cycle

A

All of them

66
Q

3 types of rocks

A

sedimentary igneous metaphoric

67
Q

Which type of rocks form from molten rock

A
68
Q

Formed from clasts precipitation or compressed once living matter

A

sedimentary

69
Q

Formed from heat pressure and chemical reactions

A

metaphorphic

70
Q

Form from hot water evaporation or molten rock

A

igneous

Physical Science (6 decks)

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