Ch20 Acids, Bases and pH Flashcards by Noor Yousuf

Q

Describe the Arrhenius Model (1884) that explains Acid-Base behaviour:

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Q

Describe the Bronsted-Lowry Model (1923) of acid-base behaviour:

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Q

What is a conjugate base pair?

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Q

What are the components of an acid-base equilibria, with example:

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Q

Describe neutralisation of acid by an alkali using protons/hydronium ion:

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Q

What does Mono/Di/Tri..basic acids mean?

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Q

Describe the reaction of an acid with a base:

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A neutralisation reaction occurs:

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Q

Describe the reaction of an acid with a carbonate:

A

A neutralisation reaction occurs:

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Q

Describe the reaction of an acid with an alkali:

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A neutralisation reaction occurs:

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Q

Describe the reaction of an acid with a metal:

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NOT a neutralisation reaction. Effervescence.

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Q

What is the pH scale? What do the numbers indicate? Does temp affect the pH?

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Q

What are the equations to calculate pH and [H+] of STRONG ACIDS

A

A strong acid is an acid that dissociates completely in a solution.
For monobasic, times conc by 1
For dibasic, times conc by 2
For tribasic, times conc by 3
HA —–> H+ + A-
For a strong acid, [HA] = [H+] , because it completely dissociates.

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Q

What is Ka? What is the equation for Ka?

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Q

What is the relationship between Ka and pKa?

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Q

What is the difference between weak acids and strong acids and what does the [H+] in weak acids depend on?

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Q

How can Ka be calculated using eqm concentrations?

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Q

What is the first approxiamations in the Ka equation?

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Q

What is the second approxiamation in the Ka equation?

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Q

How do you calculate the pH of weak acids? Provide the formula to calculate [H+]

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Q

How can you determine Ka experimentally?

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Q

How justified is approximation 1?

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How justified is approximation 2?

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Q

What is Kw?

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Kw is the ionic product of water
The value of Kw @ 25ºC is 1.00 x 10-14 mol2dm-6
Rearrange the formula of Kw to get either [H+] or [OH-]

Q

Prove that the pH of water @ 25ºC is 7:

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Q

What does Kw control ?

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Q

How can you calculate pH when Kw isnt a whole number?

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Q

What is an alkali?

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A soluble base that releases OH- ions into an aqueous solution

Q

How do you calculate the pH of a strong base?

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Q

Here is an example of how to calculate pH of a strong base:

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Q

What is a weak base?

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A weak base partially ionises to release OH- into a solution.

Q

What is pOH?

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A method used to calculate pH of weak bases.