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Question 1

what virus causes chickenpox?

Answer 1

varicella zoster virus

Question 2

how long is the incubation period for chickenpox?

Answer 2

initial infection until symptoms appear 1-3 weeks later

Question 3

how long is chickenpox infectious?

Answer 3

day or two before rash appear until vescles have crusted over

Question 4

how is chickenpox spread?

Answer 4

through conjunctiva, respiratory tract, direct contact with vesicular fluid

Question 5

what are the early signs of chickenpox?

Answer 5

cold like symptoms, small macules that turn into itchy vesicles and pustules

spots will appear in crops

Question 6

what criteria warrants referral?

Answer 6

bacterial superinfection
encephalitis
pneumonia
hepatitis
coagulopathy

Question 7

what pharmacological advice can be given?

Answer 7

paracetamol of distressed
antihistamines to stop the itch
poxclin to reduce infection
virasoothe, calamine lotion

Question 8

what non-pharmacological advice can be given?

Answer 8

ensure fluid intake
wear smooth cotton fabrics
keep nails short
dress to avoid shivering/overheating

Question 9

what contacts are most at risk?

Answer 9

pregnant women
newborns under 4 weeks
immunocompromised (or anyone receiving cancer treatment or oral corticosteroids)