Ch.19 Quiz

Question 1

What is the major non-enzymatic protective mechanism against oxidative stress?

Beta-carotene

Ascorbic acid

Alpha-tocopherol

Glutathione

Answer 1

Glutathione

Question 2

Which of the following contains the greatest amount of potential energy?

Multiple Choice

A portion of pasta sufficient to raise the temperature of 6 cubic centimeters from 14.5° to 15.5°C

½ teaspoon of peanut butter (contains 4 g fat, 3 g carbohydrate, and 2 g of protein)

70 Calories of lettuce

Three grams of fat trimmed from a steak

Answer 2

70 calories of lettuce

Question 3

Choose the mineral that is only needed in trace amounts by the body.

Calcium

Potassium

Sodium

Iron

Answer 3

Iron

Question 4

Superoxide radicals have which of the following beneficial effects?

Killing bacteria

Promote proliferation of fibroblasts

Promote proliferation of lymphocytes

All of the choices are correct.

Answer 4

All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

Reactions that cause triglyceride storage to increase, and bones of the skeleton to grow longer, would be considered ________.

catabolic

hydrolytic

degradation

anabolic

Answer 5

anabolic

Question 6

Satiety would be induced by all of the following EXCEPT ________.

naloxone

cholecystokinin

ghrelin

serotonin

Answer 6

ghrelin

Question 7

Adipose cells are less sensitive to insulin in ________.

individuals with Type I diabetes

individuals classified as obese

individuals who engage in regular exercise

individuals with a BMI of 21

Answer 7

individuals classified as obese

Question 8

Decreased leptin secretion should not cause ________.

suppression of appetite

menstrual abnormalities

a decline in helper T
abilities

delayed onset of puberty

Answer 8

suppression of appetite

Question 9

Adaptive thermogenesis is the heat energy expended by the body in response to all of the following EXCEPT ________.

increase in ambient temperature

decrease in ambient temperature

physical activity

digestion of food

Answer 9

physical activity

Question 10

Since they are released between meals, ________ are involved in the short-term regulation of hunger.

insulin and PYY

leptin and insulin

ghrelin and CCK

leptin and CCK

Answer 10

ghrelin and CCK

Question 11

Destruction of which pancreatic cells would cause hyperglycemia?

Alpha cells

Beta cells

Delta cells

None of the choices are correct.

Answer 11

Beta cells

Question 12

Insulin secretion is stimulated by ________ blood glucose concentrations.

decreased

increased

unchanged

Answer 12

increased

Question 13

Formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate molecules is called ________.

ketogenesis

glycolysis

gluconeogenesis

glycogenolysis

Answer 13

gluconeogenesis

Question 14

Which of the following is true of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Lack of insulin causes a decrease in glucagon production.

Lack of insulin leads to hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis.

Glucagon production will increase, which leads to hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.

Lack of insulin leads to hypertension and decreased fatty acids in the blood.

Answer 14

Glucagon production will increase, which leads to hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis.

Question 15

What hormone provides the major regulation of basal metabolic rate?

Cortisol

Thyroxine

Glucagon

Calcitonin

Answer 15

Thyroxine

Question 16

Glucose regulation by cortisol would be impaired by ablation of the ________.

adrenal medulla

thyroid gland

pancreatic beta cells

adrenal cortex

Answer 16

adrenal cortex

Question 17

Growth hormone secretion is ________ during sleep.

decreased

decreased, then increased

increased, then stopped

increased

Answer 17

increased

Question 18

Cells synthesizing hydroxyapatite in bones are termed as ________.

osteoblasts

osteocytes

osteoclasts

osteosarcoma cells

Answer 18

osteoblasts

Question 19

To mobilize calcium from bone, osteoclasts bind to bone and transport ________ into the bone matrix to dissolve calcium.

phosphate

H+

PTH

calcitonin

Answer 19

H+

Question 20

Bone resorption is produced by the action of ________, which return bone calcium and phosphate to the blood.

osteocytes

calcitonin

osteoblasts

osteoclasts

Answer 20

osteoclasts