Ch18: Mobiliity

Question 1

Mobility

Answer 1

Fundamental to an individual’s overall development and functioning in the occupations of education, self-care, work, and play and is essential to quality of life.

Question 2

Functional Mobility

Answer 2

Moving from one position or place to another (ex. bed mobility, wheelchair mobility, and transfers [wheelchair, bed, car, tub or shower, toilet, or chair]), performing functional ambulation, and transporting objects

Question 3

Community Mobility

Answer 3

Moving oneself in the community and using public or private transportation (ex. driving or accessing buses, taxicabs, or other public transportation systems).

Question 4

What do occupational therapists apply to understand a child’s readiness to acquire new motor abilities?

Answer 4

Knowledge of typical development (sequences and milestones) and dynamic systems theory (the interaction of many systems to produce movement)

Question 5

Occupational therapists structure the evaluation and intervention by using an occupation-centered model of practice, such as

Answer 5

• Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)
• Ecology of Human Performance (EHP)
• Person-Environment-Occupation-Participation (PEOP)
• Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement (CMOP-E)

Question 6

When addressing a child’s functional mobility needs, occupational therapists may use what approaches?

Answer 6

-Biomechanical Approach
-Developmental Approach
-MOHO
-Ecology of Human Performance
-

Question 7

Biomechanical Approach (addressing functional mobility needs)

Answer 7

Examine range of motion, strength, and endurance, specifically in terms of how it relates to posture)

Question 8

Developmental Approach (addressing functional mobility needs)

Answer 8

Consider what types of occupations and tasks are appropriate to facilitate regarding mobility

Question 9

MOHO (addressing functional mobility needs)

Answer 9

-Emphasizes finding the right mobility equipment to fit the child’s interests, values, and belief in self (volition)
-Daily habits and routines (habituation)
-Performance capacity (including the child’s skills, abilities, and subjective experience)
-Within the environment (culture, setting, social, physical)
to make mobility recommendations and design therapeutic interventions.

Question 10

Ecology of Human Performance (addressing functional mobility needs)

Answer 10

Examines the person, tasks, and environment and contexts and considers how culture and social influences interplay.
-OTs work to establish or restore mobility using tasks and adapt techniques to improve performance and prevent bad habits and cumulative stress injuries.
-Consider cultural beliefs, values, and practices.
Ex. A child whose family practices Orthodox Jewish beliefs and requires a power wheelchair for mobility may also need a manual wheelchair that can be pushed by someone else during Shabbat or possibly a Shabbat Scooter by Amigo so they can comply with Jewish law. Without considering this, the family may reject a power wheelchair altogether, limiting the child’s participation and development.

Question 11

PEOP (addressing functional mobility needs)

Answer 11

• Mobility is achieved through client-centered activity, focusing on environments involved and the child’s chosen occupations.
• A child with a primary goal to play with peers in the neighborhood may require different tires, a power add-on, or a power wheelchair. -However, a child whose primary goal is to participate in wheelchair sports activities will need an ultra-lightweight rigid-frame wheelchair or an additional wheelchair specific to the desired sport.

Question 12

Embodied Cognition

Answer 12

Movement is a catalyst for the interactions that drive cognition and language as well as subsequent motor development

Question 13

Object Affordances

Answer 13

Provide input on size, firmness, and texture.

-In the future, this tactile input will help shape motor planning and execution for subsequent hand-ball interaction

Question 14

Cocreation

Answer 14

The infant’s ability to participate in directing his or her experiences.
-This is evident as the baby’s experiences lead to self-identified preferences which then guide the evolution of future interactions.

Question 15

Mobility also impacts development of…

Answer 15

-Social (joint attention) and physical interactions
-Cognition (spatial mapping)
-Language
-Fine and Gross Motor
-Motor Planning and Execution (coordinating movements
Thus mobility has a defining presence in how people develop and participate throughout infancy, childhood, and into adult life.