Ch17 Flashcards
Umbilical vein
Carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
Ductus venosus
Allows the majority of umbilical vein blood to bypass the liver & merge with blood entering the inferior vena cava.
foramen ovale
Allows >50% of blood to cross from the right atrium to the left atrium, bypassing pulmonary circulation.
ductus arteriousus
Connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta, allowing blood to bypass the pulmonary circui
newborn heart rate
Should be at least 100bpm immediately after birth, then stabilize at 120-160bpm
Normal for newborn to have transient murmur–> when foramen ovale still hasn’t fully closed yet. Document and monitor
Benefits of delayed cord clamping
Improve cardiopulmonary adaptation
Anemia prevention
Increased BP
Improved oxygen transport & RBC flow
Hemoglobin
17-23 gm/dL
Decreased hemoglobin originally bc they lose some of their plasma, but it isn’t a trued decrease. They have a larger number of large rbc’s but fewer in numbers
Hematocrit
46-68%
Platelets
100,000-350,000/uL
RBC
4.5-7.0
WBC
10-30,000
Elevated WBC thought to be trauma of birth
Newborn respirations
30-60 breaths/minute; irregular, shallow, unlabored; short periods of apnea (
Respiratory distress
nasal flaring
intercoastal or subcostal retractions
grunting
conduction
The transfer of heat from object to object when the two objects are in direct contact with each other.
convection
The flow of heat from the body surface to cooler surrounding air, or to air circulating over a body surface.
Evaporation
loss of heat when a liquid is converted to a vapor. Insensible-individual is unaware (from skin & respiration). Sensible – individual is objective & individual may be aware (perspiration).
radiation
loss of body heat to cooler, solid surfaces in close proximity, but not in direct contact with the newborn.
Formula fed newborn stool
yellow, yellow-green, loose, pasty, or formed, unpleasant odor
breast fed newborn stool
Yellow-gold, loose, stringy to pasty, sour-smelling
newborn stools
meconium, transitional stool, milk stool
transitional stool
Seedy greenish-brown stool
Newborn primarily dependent on 3 immunoglobulins:
IgG: 80% of all circulating antibodies, in serum & interstitial fluid, crosses placenta. Fights bacteria, bacterial toxins, & viruses.
IgA: 2nd most abundant immunoglobulin in the serum. Thought to protect mucous membranes from viruses & bacteria. IgA primarily found in GI & respiratory tracts, tears, saliva, colostrum & breast milk.
IgM: In blood & lymph fluid. 1st responder to infection. Protects from blood-borne infections.
neurologic system adaptations
Development follows cephalocaudal and proximal–distal patterns
Newborn Sensory Capabilities
Vision: ability to focus on objects only in close proximity (7-12 inches away); tracks objects in midline or beyond (90 inches); this is the least mature sense at birth.
