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APUSH > Ch.17 &18 > Flashcards

Ch.17 &18 Flashcards

0
Q

Why was john Tyler on the Whig ticket and what does this say about the Whig party

A

To attract the vote of this firings group (Jeffersonian states righters), many of who were influential southern gentry like Tyler; they were strategic

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1
Q

Whigs candidates in 1840

And who were the real leaders of the Whigs

A 
Pres-Harrison 
VP-Tyler
Tippecanoe and Tyler too
Henry clay in the senate 
Webster as Secretary of State
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2
Q

Why did all of Tyler’s cabinet resign (except Webster) and the Whig party expel Tyler from their ranks

A

Tyler vetoed the Whig legislature for a national bank

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3
Q

Whig position and Tyler position on 3rd bank of us

A

Whigs- wanted to reestabkueh the national bank

Tyler-vetoed it on both practical and constitutional grounds

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4
Q

Whig and Tyler position on higher tariffs

A

Whigs-wanted a higher tariff

Tyler-vetoed the higher tariff but passed the lower one; understood the necessity of the high tariff

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5
Q

What benefits was Britain hoping for when it was thinking of signing a treaty with independent Texas

A

Would weaken the american westward surge, could be turned upon Yankees, could free blacks there and inflame slaves nearby in the south, free-trade area unlike tariffs Americas and Texas produced COTTON

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6
Q

Why in this era of manifest destiny would it take the U.S. 9 years to annex Texas

A

Texas offset the free and slave state balance

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7
Q

When was Texas annexed to the union

A

1845 by Tyler at the end of his presidency as a joint resolution

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8
Q

Election of 1844-who were the candidates, their slogans and platforms and what was the outcome

A

Polk-democrat, pro expansion-TX and OR @ 54 40’, Texas disunion, dark horse candidate
Clay-Whigs, offend nobody campaign

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9
Q

Polks 4 point plan

A
  1. Lower tariff-proved to be an excellent revenue booster
  2. Ind. treasury-faced Whig opposition but passed in 1846
  3. Acquisition of CA
  4. Settlement of oregan-49 degree treaty
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10
Q

Why did Polk and America want california

A

Manifest destiny and gateway to Pacific Ocean

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11
Q

“Negotiations with Mexico” -who was John Slidell, what was his mission, and what was the result? Why did Polk send troops into the disputed area?

A

Dispatched to Mexico City late in 1845 to offer 25 million for CA, Mexico became insulted and got mad; he wanted to start a war for CA

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12
Q

What claim did Polk make in his war message and how did Abraham Lincoln dispute it

A

“American blood has been spilt upon the American soil”

Lincoln demanded to see the SPOT where blood had been spilt— “Spot” resolutions

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13
Q

Santa Anna

A

Tricked Polk into letting him back into

The country; rallied Mexicans

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14
Q

Stephen Kearny

A

Led 1700 troops along Santa Fe trail

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15
Q

General John C Fremont

A

Explorer who “just happened” to be near the war with several dozens of well armed men

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16
Q

General Zachary Taylor

A

Led 4,000 men to march in disputed territory; won at buena vista

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17
Q

General Winfield Scott

A

Very distinguished General; won Mexico City against the odds

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18
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

A

Gave them Texas; yielded the enormous area stretching westward to Oregon and the ocean and embracing coveted CA; US paid $15 million for land and to assume the claims of Mexico’s citizens claims America paid $3.25 million

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19
Q

State the significant long-term impact that the Mexican-american war had on the United States

A

The Wilmont Proviso stated that all land won in the Mexican war would be free; increased sectional tensions in the country

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20
Q

What did Ralph Waldo Emerson mean when he said, “Mexico will poison us” and do you think he was accurate

A

He thought that Mexico would cause bitter tensions in the country; he was accurate since the Mexican war increased the debate over slavery

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21
Q

Election of 1848 -candidates? Parties & platforms and the outcome of the election

A

General Lewis Cass- democrat; veteran of the war of 1812, party said nothing about slavery but Cass was the guy who came up with popular sovereignty so you knew what his stand was

Zach Taylor- Whigs, “hero of buena vista” platform dodged all issues and just focused on candidate; Taylor was slave owner

Van buren- free soil

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22
Q

Define popular sovereignty and its fatal flaw

A

Allowing people in territory to decide on slavery

Fatal flaw: could allow the spread of slavery

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23
Q

Free soul party beliefs? And why didn’t they want slavery to expand

A

Free soil, free speech, free labor, free men
Thought slavery interfered with the ability for poor whites to move west and get a job since they would compete with slaves for jobs

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24
Wilmont proviso
No more slaves in new territories from Mexican cession
25
California 1849 what happened and why did their request for state hood lead to national debate
Gold was discovered | California upset the balance of free and Slavs stated
26
Compromise Of 1850 Henry clay
Proposed the series of compromises
27
Compromise of 1850 | Daniel Webster
Seventh of March Speech | Pleaded for reason and compromise
28
Compromise of 1850 | John c Calhoun
Championed the south in his speech | Not in favor of compromise
29
Compromise of 1850 | William Seward
Proposed no slavery in new territories because of God's higher law
30
Millard Fillmore
Took over when Taylor died in 1850 | He supported the compromise
31
Nashville "Fire-eaters" convention
1850 In October of 1849, southerners announced their intentions to meet the following year to consider withdrawing from the union; when they met after the compromises had passed their meeting was a dud and many had accepted the outcome
32
Compromise of 1850 provisions
-CA free state (tipped balance to north) -NM & UT popular sovereignty (most likely would become free state) -TX was paid 10 million for NM -outlawed slave trade in DC -new fugitive slave law (what south wanted) FAVORED THE NORTH OVERALL
33
Fugitive slave law of 1850 | Provisions and what the north thought of it
Slaves could not testify on their own behalf, denied a jury trial; federal commissioner was paid $5 for cases they ruled in favor of slaves and $10 for ruling in favor of slave owners
34
Personal liberty laws
Hampered enforcement of fugitive slave law in the north
35
Burns affair
1854 A runaway slave from VA was captured and removed from Boston. Yankees lined the streets and buildings were draped in black in protest. "We went to bed one night old fashioned, conservative, compromise Union Whigs, and wakes up stark mad abolitionists"
36
How did the compromise of 1850 help the north win the civil war
Delayed the civil war which allowed 10 years worth of gain in wealth and population in the north
37
Election of 1852
Frank pierce-democrats, dark horse candidate, served in Mexican war without distinction, enemy less, prosouthern northerner Winfield Scott-Whigs, came across as haughty, Whig platform praises comp of 1850, Whigs supported comp and fugitive slave law
38
Why would the Whig party die after the election of 1852?
They became disorganized and divided
39
Contributions by the Whigs
16 years a party Won 2 elections 1840&1848r Helped uphold the ideals of the Union Leaders like henry clay and Daniel Webster
40
William walker
NICARAGUA Backed by an armed southern force in 1856, made himself president and made slavery legal; overthrown by a coalition of Central American countries and murdered
41
Filibustering expeditions
2 expeditions numbering several hundred men tried to seize Cuba and failed
42
Black warrior
Cubans seized the American ship on a technicality | Black warrior=the ship
43
Ostend manifesto
American ministers from Spain, England and France met to prepare a statement of action on what should be done with Cuba; urged administration to offer 120$ million; document was leaked and northern protests stopped the scheming for Cuba
44
Define popular sovereignty and its fatal flaw
Allowing people in territory to decide on slavery | Fatal flaw: could allow the spread of slavery
45
Free soul party beliefs? And why didn't they want slavery to expand
Free soil, free speech, free labor, free men Thought slavery interfered with the ability for poor whites to move west and get a job since they would compete with slaves for jobs
46
Wilmont proviso
No more slaves in new territories from Mexican cession
47
California 1849 what happened and why did their request for state hood lead to national debate
Gold was discovered | California upset the balance of free and Slavs stated
48
Compromise Of 1850 Henry clay
Proposed the series of compromises
49
Compromise of 1850 | Daniel Webster
Seventh of March Speech | Pleaded for reason and compromise
50
Compromise of 1850 | John c Calhoun
Championed the south in his speech | Not in favor of compromise
51
Compromise of 1850 | William Seward
Proposed no slavery in new territories because of God's higher law
52
Millard Fillmore
Took over when Taylor died in 1850 | He supported the compromise
53
Nashville "Fire-eaters" convention
1850 In October of 1849, southerners announced their intentions to meet the following year to consider withdrawing from the union; when they met after the compromises had passed their meeting was a dud and many had accepted the outcome
54
Compromise of 1850 provisions
-CA free state (tipped balance to north) -NM & UT popular sovereignty (most likely would become free state) -TX was paid 10 million for NM -outlawed slave trade in DC -new fugitive slave law (what south wanted) FAVORED THE NORTH OVERALL
55
Fugitive slave law of 1850 | Provisions and what the north thought of it
Slaves could not testify on their own behalf, denied a jury trial; federal commissioner was paid $5 for cases they ruled in favor of slaves and $10 for ruling in favor of slave owners
56
Personal liberty laws
Hampered enforcement of fugitive slave law in the north
57
Burns affair
1854 A runaway slave from VA was captured and removed from Boston. Yankees lined the streets and buildings were draped in black in protest. "We went to bed one night old fashioned, conservative, compromise Union Whigs, and wakes up stark mad abolitionists"
58
How did the compromise of 1850 help the north win the civil war
Delayed the civil war which allowed 10 years worth of gain in wealth and population in the north
59
Election of 1852
Frank pierce-democrats, dark horse candidate, served in Mexican war without distinction, enemy less, prosouthern northerner Winfield Scott-Whigs, came across as haughty, Whig platform praises comp of 1850, Whigs supported comp and fugitive slave law
60
Why would the Whig party die after the election of 1852?
They became disorganized and divided
61
Contributions by the Whigs
16 years a party Won 2 elections 1840&1848r Helped uphold the ideals of the Union Leaders like henry clay and Daniel Webster
62
William walker
NICARAGUA Backed by an armed southern force in 1856, made himself president and made slavery legal; overthrown by a coalition of Central American countries and murdered
63
Filibustering expeditions
2 expeditions numbering several hundred men tried to seize Cuba and failed
64
Black warrior
Cubans seized the American ship on a technicality | Black warrior=the ship
65
Ostend manifesto
American ministers from Spain, England and France met to prepare a statement of action on what should be done with Cuba; urged administration to offer 120$ million; document was leaked and northern protests stopped the scheming for Cuba

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