Ch14 Thermal physics

Question 1

DEFINITION OF TEMPERATURE

Answer 1

Measure the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

Question 2

DEFINITION OF HEAT

Answer 2

Describe the transfer of thermal energy from a region of high temperature to a region of low temperature.

Question 3

TEMPERATURE IN KELVIN

Answer 3

T(K) = T(C) + 273

Question 4

ABSOLUTE ZERO

Answer 4

The lowest temperature, where particles in a substance have minimal kinetic energy.

Question 5

BROWNIAN MOTION

Answer 5

refers to the random, erratic movement of particles suspended in a fluid (liquid or gas) as a result of collisions with the much smaller, fast-moving molecules of the surrounding fluid.

Question 6

SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY

Answer 6

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1KG by 1•K

Question 7

Thermal equilibrium

Answer 7

energy transfer from region of high temperature to a region of low temperature

Question 8

Solid

Answer 8

the particles vibrate in a fixed ordered.
if the temperature increase the amplitude of vibration increases

Question 9

liquid

Answer 9

the particles can flow past each other. they are vibrating but not in a fixed position.

Question 10

Gas

Answer 10

particles are far apart. they dont exert forces on each other except in collisions, they move in random linear motion

Question 11

Internal energy

Answer 11

the sum of kinetic and potential energies of all the particles of a substance

Question 12

specific latent heat

Answer 12

the energy required to change the state of a substance without any change in temperature

Question 13

types of specific latent heat

Answer 13

Latent heat of fusion: energy required to melt substance without change in temperature
latent heat of vaporisation: energy required to vaporise a substance without change in temperature