CH13 - Course Quiz Flashcards
SONET and SDH vary a little in their signaling and frame type, but Routers and other magic boxes on the Internet handle the interoperability between the standards?
True
False
True
All versions of DSL have the same central office-to-end user distance restrictions as ISDN - around 18,000 feet from your DEMARC to the central office?
True
False
True
VPN client software creates a virtual NIC on your Laptop (Endpoint 1), makes a connection with the VPN Server at the Office (Endpoint 2), and then, in essence, creates a virtual direct cable from the virtual NIC to the office. The “Virtual Cable” is called a VPN __________?
remote access server (RAS)
extranet
tunnel
dial-up connection
tunnel
What is the max distance between a user’s DEMARC and the central office for all versions of DSL?
3,000 yards
3.4 kilometers
5 miles
18,000 feet
18,000 feet
Remote connections did not exist before the Internet?
True
False
False
A type of VPN connection where a single computer logs into a remote network and becomes, for all intents and purposes, a member of that network is common called a ______________ connection?
routed
open
virtual
host-to-site
host-to-site
To make rollouts affordable, most fiber-to-the-home technologies employ a version of ____________ architecture that uses a single fiber to the neighborhood splitter and then individual fiber runs to each final destination?
SONET
OC-1
passive optical network (PON)
active optical network (AON)
passive optical network (PON)
A ____________ VPN deals with a specific single connection between two machines using VPN software or hardware?
host-to-host
site-to-site
client/server
host-to-site
host-to-host
In which type of VPN does the client Web Browser run an active control, such as Java?
SSL portal
proxy server
tunnel VPNs
site-to-site
tunnel VPNs
What is the result of running “Add a VPN Connection” in Settings in the Control Panel on the Windows Client side?
A dial-up connection is created
A Virtual NIC is created
A DHCP Server is created
A RRAS Server is created
A Virtual NIC is created
Which protocol suite does L2TP generally use for all of its security needs?
DES
AES
IPsec
RADIUS
IPsec
A Metro Ethernet network can connect office and individuals and provide Internet Connectivity?
True
False
True
ADSL provides equal upload and download speeds?
True
False
False
In the mid-life of the Internet, backbone runs were largely composed of SONET links?
True
False
True
Before SONET, interconnections happened, but they were outlandishly expensive, preventing the Internet from reaching many areas of the world?
True
False
True
Provide an overview of Microsoft’s Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)?
PPTP is an advanced version of PPP that handles the connection right out of the box.
Microsoft places PPTP endpoints on the client and the Server.
The server endpoint is a special remote access server program on Windows Server.
Describe the advantage of using Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN)?
Enables direct VPN connections betwen multiple locations.
Employs standard security (IPsec) to make all the connections secure from unwanted prying.
Explain Evolve High-Speed Package Access (HSPA+)?
Evolve High-Speed Packet Access is the final 3G Data standard, providing theoretical speeds up to 168 Mbps, although most HSPA+ implementations rarely exceed 10 Mbps.
Describe Forwarding Equivalance Class (FEC)?
Enables a set of packets to be sent to the same place.
Describe Clientless VPN?
Connect to the VPN Server using a standard Web Browser with the traffic secured using TLS, requiring no specific client based software.
The key with the VPN is that all of the computers should be on the same network - and that means they must all have the same ___________?
Network ID
The higher the ______________ of 5G, the faster the possible throughput speeds and the shorter the range?
frequency
The first generation DSL providers used a _____________ connection; once the DLS line was running, it was as if you had snapped an Ethernet cable into your NIC?
bridged
The original idea for MPLS was to give individual ISPs a way to move traffic through their morass of different interconnections and _____________?
switches
By 1987, the Primary Fiber-Optic Cable carriers settled on a single international standard called _______________ in Europe for handling the interconnections of long-distance Internet routers?
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
An inexpensive way to connect to the Internet is through the purchase of dedicated connections - leased lines - from telecommunication companies?
True
False
False
One nice aspect of DSL is that you do not have to run new phone lines?
True
False
True
The GSM Standard was considered a 5G Technology?
True
False
False
On the Windows client side of a PPTP VPN connection, where does a client get an IP Address from after it creates a Virtual NIC?
PPP Private Connection
DHCP Server
Default Gateway
WINS Server
DHCP Server
MPLS-capable Routers avoid running IP Packets through their full routing tables and instead use the header information to route packets quickly?
True
False
True
SONET remains an important standard for long-distance, high-speed, fiber-optic transmission systems?
True
False
True
Which standard, developed by Citrix, defined how terminal information was passed between the Server and the Client?
RDP
SIP
RDC
ICA
ICA (Independent Computing Architecture)
Explanation:
RDP = Remote Desktop Protocol (Microsoft)
RDC = Remote Desktop Connection (Microsoft)
A common early DSL installation consisted of a _______________ connected to a telephone wall jack and to a standard network interface card NIC in the computer?
Router
multiplexer
CSU/DSU
DSL Modem
DSL Modem
What are the two most common types of SSL VPNs?
SSL Tunnel VPNs and IPsec Tunnel VPNs
TLS Portal VPNs and SSL Tunnel VPNs
IPsec Tunnel VPNs and TLS Portal VPNs
SSL Portal VPNs and SSL Tunnel VPNs
SSL Portal VPNs and SSL Tunnel VPNs
Which proprietary CISCO Protocol was combined with PPTO to create the Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)?
CGMP
EIGRP
L2F
CDP
L2F
Describe SSL Portal VPNs?
Clients access the VPN and is presented with a Secure Web Page (Portal).
The Client gains access to anything linked on that Portal Page.
Describe how a single client might connect to a Cisco L2TP VPN?
Free Client software that creates a typical Host-to-Site or Client-to-Site Connection.
How does L2TP differ from PPTP in terms of Security?
L2TP has no authentication or encryption and uses IPsec for all Security needs.
PPTP creates a Secure Tunnel through the Internet to a Private LAN, where the Client takes on an IP Address of that Network as if your computer is directly connected to the LAN at the Office.
Explain the term “Smart Jack”?
It’s a NIU (Network Interface Unit) that enables loopback testing so that the ISP can remotely check your line and box.
Describe SSL VPNs?
SSL VPNs don’t require any special Client Software, known as Clientless VPN, the connection is handled through a standard Web Browser using TLS or SSL Security.
The Primary Standard for Fiber-Optic Cable transmission systems in the United States is _____________?
SONET (Synchronous Optical Network)
_________________ enables an individual single-mode fiber to carry multiple signals by giving each signal a different wavelength by using different colors of laser light?
DWDM (Dense wavelength division multiplexing)
In the mid-life of the Internet, backbone runs were largely composed of ___________ links?
SONET
The term __________ refers to a value that determines the number of hops that MPLS label can make before it is eliminated?
TTL (Time to Live)
In which type of VPN does the client web browser run an active control, such as Java?
site-to-site
proxy server
tunnel VPNs
SSL Portal
tunnel VPNs
Which tools are Tunneling Protocols?
HTTP and HTTPS
PPTP and L2TP
IPsec and RADIUS
OpenVPN and IPsec
PPTP and L2TP
A physical DSL connection manifests as just another ___________ connection, using the same telephone lines and RJ-11 Jacks as any regular phone line?
ISDN
dedicated line
PSTN
SONET
PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network)
In designing PPTP, where does Microsoft place the two endpoints of a VPN?
Client and the Server = Point-to-Point
Discuss the current status and capability of Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology?
They were rolled out around 2010 and now dominate Wireless Services.
Speeds up to 300 Mbps Download and 75 Mbps Upload.
Briefly describe a Passive Optical Network (PON) Architecture?
Uses a single fiber to the neighborhoods Switch and then individual fiber runs to each final destination.
Uses WDM to enable multiple signals to travel on the same fiber and then Passively splits the signal at the switch to send traffic to its proper recipient.
Briefly describe the third-party terminal emulation program called VNC?
Virtual Network Computing - Doesn’t let you share folders or printers because it is only a Terminal Emulator, but it runs on every OS, is solid as a rock, and can even run from a Web Browser.
_____________ VPNs optimize connections for delay-sensitive applications, such as Voice and Video over a VPN?
Datagram TLS (DTLS)
