Ch.12 Part B Flashcards
17) In what two ways do tonic contractions serve the body?
17) Supports tubes and moves product.
30) When a muscle is repeatedly stimulated with maximum voltage to produce individual twitches the fact that successive twitches get larger is called.
30) Treppa / Staircase effect.
15) Which of the following is not a structural characteristic of cardiac muscle cells;
15) They are
- Short branched fibers
- Single nucleus
- Intercalated Disc, conduct signal throughout all cells
11) Each muscle fiber (cell) is variable in how much force it can generate depending on how intense the action potential is that stimulates it; T/F
11) F.
28) If muscles is stimulated by an increasing frequency of electrical shocks its tension will
28) Increase to a maximum (Incomplete tetanus).
9) When a weak stimulus arrives, all muscle fibers contract, but with lesser force than if a strong stimulus arrives; T/F
9) F.
26) When muscles are used to keep the body processes in balance they are said to have a __ role
26) Homeostatic.
14) Smooth muscle cells are very long and cylindrical like skeletal muscles; T/F
14) F.
27) When muscle is repeatedly stimulated with maximum voltage to produce individual twitches successive twitches get ?
27) Larger.
32) Smooth muscle contraction is controlled by.
32) Ca++.
23) The main difference between smooth muscle cells and cardiac muscle cell is/are?
23) Shape and striation.
10) What type(s) of fibers contract when a weak stimulus arrives at a muscle?
10) Lowest threshold fibers.
21) What molecules may stimulate or mediate smooth muscle contraction.
21) Hormones.
19) When you are trying to hold something in your arms for a long time, and it is not very heavy, your muscle fibers take turns with the load. This phenomenon is called;
19) Asynchronous contraction.
5) What two structures set the pace and timing of cardiac muscle fiber contractions?
5) SA and AV nodes.
3) Smooth muscles behave (electrically) in a fashion similar to cardiac muscle cells; T/F
3) T.
20) Asynchronous contractions produce maximal force and the muscle to fatigue quickly; T/F
20) F.
22) Tonic contractions are typical of fast twitch muscle fibers; T/F
22) F.
38) During which type of concentration does excepted force does not cause load to move and length of fibers remain constant?
38) Isometric contraction.
39) During which type of contraction does load is greater than excepted force?
39) Eccentric contraction.
36) There is far more of what protein than myosin in smooth muscle cells.
36) Actin.
12) If you cause a muscle to contract and the load moves, then it was a ___ contraction.
12) Isotonic.
37) During which type if contraction does force remain constant throughout shortening process?
37) Isotonic contraction.
24) The structure that connect bone to bone are called; that connect muscle to bone
24) Ligament= Bone + Bone
Tendon= Muscle + Bone
7) Sphincters help the body maintain homeostasis; T/F
7) T.
21) What molecule may stimulate or mediate smooth muscle contraction?
21) Hormones.
2) Your biceps brachii is an example of a muscle that is used for very fine motor activities; T/F
2) F.
4) Muscles that are very large and designed to produce a powerful contraction would have many ___ attached to each motor neuron.
4) Muscle fibers of fascicles.
6) The ability of smooth muscles to contract to a greater percent of their total length is due to;
6) Arrangement actin and myosin fiber.
34) What two chemicals usually involved in skeletal muscle contraction are absent in smooth muscle cell?
34) Tryponin and trypomyosin.
13) Muscles that have very fine control would have very few ___ attached to each motor neuron.
13) Muscle fiber or muscle cells.
33) The contraction of smooth muscle cells is very similiar to the mechanism seen in skeletal muscle cell T/F
33) F.
8) The muscle cells of the heart are unaffected by outside stimulation; T/F
8) F.
16) When a very high intensity stimulus arrives at a muscle, which muscle fibers would contract?
16) All of them.
25) If cause a muscle to contact but the laid is not moved then it was a ____ contraction
25) Complete.
18) Smooth muscles are characterized by their slow contractions that last a long time; T/F
18) T.
35) When do smooth muscles relax (chemically).
35) Ca++ contraction decreases.
31) What causes the staircase effect?
31) If muscle is repeatedly stimulated with maximum voltage to produce individual twitches, this is tripe or staircase effect.
29) If frequency is so fast no relaxation occurs a smooth sustained contraction results called
29) Complete tetanus.
1) Smooth muscles fatigue quickly; T/F
1) F.
