Ch.10 Part B Flashcards

1
Q

2) Why are there three semicircular canals.

A

2) The 3 planes Coronal sagittal and transverse

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2
Q

3) What common visual defect would use a convex lens to correct it?

A

3) Hyperopia.

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3
Q

4)why do we have a blind spot

A

4) There are no photoreceptors on the optic disc

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4
Q

5)what special sense helps with orientation

A

5) Vision

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5
Q

6)how do the semicircular canals generate action potentials

A

6) Fluid Moves when the cupola bends hair cells sending a signal

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6
Q

7)what is the gravity sensor in the head

A

7) Otolith organ.

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7
Q

8) what mechanoreceptor sense positions of joints/appendages

A

8) Proprioceptors.

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8
Q

9)what is the difference between the optic dics the fovea centralists and the macula of the eye?

A

9) Optic disc- blind spot region where optic nerve and blood vessel leave the eye
fovea- region of sharpest vision
macula-the center of the visual field

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9
Q

10)what is the function of accommodation ?

A

10) its the process by which the eye adjust the shape of the lens to keep object in focus

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10
Q

11)what common visual defect is also known as farsightness

A

11) Hyperopia

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11
Q

13)why do nocturnal animals need to have a tapedum

A

13) Increase reflection.

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12
Q

14)what vestibular structures would tell you theater or not your head is upright

A

14) Otolith organ.

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13
Q

15)what is the name of the hole in the middle of the iris ?

A

15) pupil

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14
Q

16) what is the effect of tilting your head to the side on the structure within the otolith organs

A

16) The otoliths move due to gravity

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15
Q

17)what structure provides information about movement and position in space

A

17)otolith

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16
Q

18)what do sensory neurons produce when stimulated by hair cells

A

18) Action potential.

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17
Q

19)which sensory cells would be most active at night and why

A

19) Rods.

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18
Q

20)what is an area that has the highest concentration of cones for facial recognition and reading

A

20)fovea/macula.

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19
Q

21)why do the crystals of the otolith organs move to the bottom of their chamber

A

21)due to gravity/ Heavy density.

20
Q

22)what common visual defect would use a concave lens to correct it?

A

22) Myopia

21
Q

23) mechanoreceptor included in equilibrium are incited in what three types of body information

A

23)Body balance position and movement

22
Q

24)what brain structure is a pathway for all incoming signals from the body

A

24)medulla

23
Q

25)what structures in the semicirculr canals move as the endolymph flows past them

24
Q

26)what structure do nocturnal animals have behind their retinas that reflect light

A

26)tapetum lucinium

25
27)what structure associated with both hearing and equilibrium generate signals that are interpreted by sensory neurons as a stimulus
27) Hair cells.
26
28)What vestibular structure contain fluid that does not move when you move your head ?
28)Semicircular canal
27
29)what common visual defect is also known as near sightedness
29)myopia
28
30)what do the semicircular canals sense
30) Rotation or equilibrium.
29
31)which sensory cells are used to detect color and details
31) cones
30
32)what is the function of the pupil
32) pupil limits light lens focuses light
31
33)what Is the function of rods and cones in the retina
33) Rods- night vision shades of grey only | Cones- color and detail used for reading, facial recognition
32
35)what is the difference between a convex and concave lens in terms of reasons for use and function
35) Convex- Ligament that shrivels in that produces the fat shape. Concave- Ligaments stretch out, allowing light to go in.
33
36)what common visual defect occurs when the focal point falls in front of the retina
36)myopia
34
37)what brain structure contains behavior patterns like how to play a piano
37) Cerebellum.
35
39)what brain structure is involved in making design based on sensory information
39) Cerebral Cortex
36
40)what is the name of the action of the eye adjusting the shape of the lens?
40) convex lens
37
41)what two actions cause the lens to flatten or thicken for accommodation
41) ciliary muscle contraction, ligament
38
42)what common visual defect overs when the focal point falls behind the retina
42)hyperopia
39
43)how are images projected onto the retina
43) image is upside down
40
44)what are theme of the two types of sensory cells of the retina
44) rods and cones
41
45)what result from a defect in one or more of the three types of cone
45)color blindness
42
46)what is the primary visual pigment in the visual cells
46)opsin / rhodopsin
43
47)how is the stimulus in vision so different the that for all other sensory cell
47) the more light that is being seen the less ACh is being released
44
48)which sensory cells are used to detect shades of light dark and grey only
48) Rods
45
49)which sensory cells would be most active during the day and why
49) cone cells there used for reading and facial recognition
46
50) Which sensory cells would be most affected if you had all recessive genes for color blindness.
50) Cones
47
51) What is the function of the melanin granules on the posterior surface of the retina.
51) Absorbs light. / Prevents reflection