Ch11 The Visual System Flashcards
list the Visual System pathways:
- Lateral Geniculate nucleus to occipital lobe
2. Extrageniculate fibers initiate – Direct, indirect light reflex, auditory reflex, coordination of gaze
Occipital Lobe Areas
17
18
19
Area 17 function
the primary visual cortex
Area 18 function
secondary visual cortex (visual association cortex) - recognition
Area 19 function
for memory to recall the appearance of an object or person not currently in view
Assessment of Visual Disturbances consist of how many stpes
2
Nature of disturbance: includes
time
progression
are there bright (+) or dark (-) areas
Def: non-specific term, can indicate possible scotoma, possible diplopia, possible eye fatigue or many others
Blurry vision
Visual acuity testing includes
Blink to threat Myopia Hyperopia Presbyopia Visual field testing
nearsighted 20/80 is called
Myopia
farsighted 20/15 is called
Hyperopia
old age vision is called
Presbyopia
optic nerve and oculomotor nerve testing is called
Visual field testing
Bitemporal Hemianopia is loss of
bilateral peripheral vision
Bitemporal Hemianopia sight of lesion
optic chiasm
Homonymous Hemianopia is loss of
right side of each eye vision
Homonymous Hemianopia Lesion site:
left lateral geniculate nucleus problem
Left Inferior Quadrantanopia is Loss of
left inferior quadrant of vision
Left Inferior Quadrantanopia Lesion site:
right parietal radiations (dorsal stream)
Right Superior Quadrantanopia is loss of
right superior quadrant of vision
Right Superior Quadrantanopia Lesion site:
left temporal radiations
Retinal Vascularity:
Define Amaurosis fugax
brown out of vision descending curtain from TIA
Retinal Vascularity is caused by
blockage of the arteries of the retina (TIA in brain)
Inferior Fluid Line Hemorrhage causes what defect?
shifting superior visual defect
Glaucoma is increased pressure in the
eye
Glaucoma happens due to
lack of drainage of aqueous humor
Glaucoma signs and symptoms
enlargement of the physiologic cup
Halos
scintillating scotoma
the cup is usually ½ size of disc
Bulbar Neuritis aka
Retinitis
In Bulbar Neuritis, Funduscopic exam may show
papillitis or optic disc pallor
Bulbar Neuritis (Retinitis) Signs and symptoms
monocular central scotoma (blindspot)
onset and progression can be fast or slow
whiteness of the optic disc
Bulbar Neuritis recovery usually takes about
6-8 weeks (near 100%)
multiple Bulbar Neuritis attacks can lead to
permanent deficit
Retrobulbar Neuritis is
Inflammation and demyelination of the optic nerve (MS)
Retrobulbar Neuritis Signs and symptoms:
patient under 45 years old; eye pain with movement
tunnel vision
decreased visual acuity (blurry)
decreased color vision (red)
