Ch10 Cerebral Hemispheres Flashcards

1
Q

MCA superior division includes

A

Arms, shoulder, face on the opposite side

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2
Q

MCA superior division feeds

A

Broca’s area (Left SMCA);

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3
Q

Broca’s area deals with

A

language expression (talking, writing)

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4
Q

MCA inferior division feeds

A

body sensation and hearing; LEFT SMCA “Wernicke’s area”

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5
Q

Wernicke’s area is resposible for

A

understanding language

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6
Q

which MCA is more susceptible to high BP and bleeding hemorrhagic strokes

A

MCA deep territory

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7
Q

MCA deep territory includes

A

lenticulostriae arteries- basal ganglia and internal capsule;

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8
Q

MCA stem includes

A

all of the above problems

(superior, inferior, and deep)

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9
Q

ACA effect

A

leg function (sensory and motor)

confusion and mental changes, etc. (higher<br></br>order thinking)

decision making skills

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10
Q

PCA affect

A

occipital lobe (vision)

inferior temporal lobes (short term memory; can’t make long term memories after that)

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11
Q

Warning Signs of Ischemia

A

F- Face – has face fallen on one side, can they smile?
A- Arms – can they raise both arms and keep them there?

S- Speech – is their speech slurred?
T- Time – time to call 911, see any single one of these signs; timing – instantaneous is more likely a stroke

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12
Q

Transient Ischemic Attack is

A

Neurological deficit <24 hours duration

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13
Q

Transient Ischemic Attack typically lasts about

A

10 minutes

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14
Q

small clot which dissolves after 10 minutes is called

A

embolus

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15
Q

what is found in vessel wall and causes vasospasm

A

thrombus

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16
Q

Diagnosis will show TIA vs other neurological disorder by

A

vascular distribution of deficit

17
Q

Stroke symptoms

A

neurological deficit

headache

neck pain

possibly seizures

18
Q

Stroke’s 2 major categories

A
  1. Hemorrhagic 15%
  2. Ischemic 85% - thrombic or embolic
19
Q

Stationary clot is the cause of

A

Thrombic stroke

20
Q

Thrombic stroke symptoms progression

A

“gradual” couple of minutes compared to instant with other

21
Q

Thrombic stroke symptoms timing:

A

in morning when BP is low

22
Q

Thrombic stroke Deficits:

A

always the same distribution in repeated attacks

23
Q

Embolic stroke Symptoms progression:

A

deficits are maximum at onset

24
Q

Embolic stroke Symptoms timing:

A

sudden onset, with exercise

25
Q

Embolic stroke Deficits::

A

repeat events will be different locations

26
Q

Embolism Sources

A
  1. Air – deep sea divers
  2. Septic Emboli – from bacterial endocarditis (rheumatic fever)
  3. Cholesterol emboli – from long bone fracture
  4. Cardiac emboli from atherosclerosis
27
Q

Hypertensive Stroke is due to vascular changes of

A

hypertension and atherosclerosis

28
Q

Hypertensive Stroke Affected areas:

A

basal ganglia

thalamus

cerebellum

or pons

29
Q

what causes the damage to the prevoius areas?

A

lenticulostriae arteries

deep penetrating arteries

30
Q

Stroke Risk Factors includes

A

Hypertension

Family history of stroke

Diabetes

Past history of stroke

Hypercholesterolemia

Heart disease or anomaly

Cigarette smoking

31
Q

Carotid Artery Stenosis is due to

A

atherosclerosis

32
Q

Carotid Artery Stenosis affects which artries?

A

ACA

MCA

ophthalmic artery (ipsilateral one eye blindness)

33
Q

Carotid Artery Stenosis signs may be revealed by

A

bruit

34
Q

Carotid dissection often presents with

A

ipsilateral turbulent sound with heart beat

and

Horner’s syndrome

35
Q

Vertebral artery dissection leads to

A

suboccipital headache

posterior neck pain