Ch.1 Microbial World and You Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
0
Q

3 examples of eukaryotes are?

A
  1. Fungi
  2. Protists
  3. Helminths
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is Microbiology?

A

The study of organisms too small to be seen without magnification.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 distinctive characteristics of viruses are?

A
  1. Non-living
  2. Acellular
  3. Nanometers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

3 distinctive characteristics of prakaryotes?

A
  1. Single-celled
  2. No organelles
  3. 0.2um to 10um (smaller than RBC’s)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 distinctive characteristics of Eukaryotes?

A
  1. Single-celled
  2. Multicellular
  3. Organelles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 major groups of eukaryotic pathogens are?

A
  1. Protists
  2. Fungi
  3. Helminths
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an infectious disease?

A

A disease in which a pathogen invades a susceptible host in order to carry out a part or all of its life cycle & in the process tends to cause disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a biofilm?

A

A community of microbes attached to a surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe what?

A

Living microbes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

John Tyndall & Ferdinand Cohn each demonstrated the presence of what?

A

Heat resistant forms of some microbes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ferdinand Cohn discovered what?

A

Endospores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis (1847) discovered what?

A

The correlation of infections with physicians not washing hands while transferring from the autopsy room to the maternity ward.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Joseph Lister (1867) introduced what?

A

Aseptic techniques to reduce microbes in medical settings to prevent infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Louis Pasteur showed that microbes caused ____ and ____

A

Fermentation; spoilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In 1861 Louis Pasteur disproved what?

A

Spontaneous generation of microorganisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In 1857 Louis Pasteur developed what?

A

Pasteurization

16
Q

Louis Pasteur developed the ____ vaccine

A

Rabies

17
Q

Louis Pasteur demonstrated what?

A

Germ Theory of Disease

18
Q

Robert Koch established what?

A

Koch’s Postulates

19
Q

What is Koch’s Postulates?

A

A sequence of experimental steps that verified the germ theory.

20
Q

Robert Koch identified cause of ____, ____ and ______

A

Anthrax; TB; Cholera

21
Q

Robert Koch developed what kind of methods?

A

Pure Culture

22
Q

Koch’s Postulates is used to determine what?

A

The causative or etiological agent of infectious disease.

23
Q

What is an etiological agent?

A

Cause of infectious disease.

24
Q

What is the first step of Koch’s Postulate?

A

Find evidence of a particular microbe in every case of a disease.

25
Q

What is the second step of Koch’s Postulates?

A

Isolate that microbe from an infected subject and cultivate it artificially in the laboratory.

26
Q

What is the third step in Koch’s Postulates?

A

Inoculate a susceptible healthy subject with the laboratory isolate and observe the same signs & symptoms of the disease.

27
Q

What is the fourth step of Koch’s Postulates?

A

Re-isolate the agent from this subject & show that it is the same!

28
Q

What is Evolution?

A
  • Descent with modification
  • All new species evolve from preexisting species
  • All life on earth shares a common ancestors and have similarities
29
Q

What are Adaptations?

A

Allow for survival and reproduction

30
Q

What are the step of the Scientific Method?

A
  1. Observe
  2. Question
  3. Hypothesis
  4. Prediction
  5. Experiment
  6. Confirm OR Refute hypothesis or prediction
  7. Repeat and Communicate
31
Q

What is the Scientific Theory?

A

Explanation for natural phenomenas that has been tested many times, many different ways and not yet proven false.