Ch. 4 Microscopes Flashcards
What are different kinds of Light Microscopes?
Compound, Stereo, and Laser Confocal
What is Resolution?
Minimum distance two points can be apart and still be distinguished as separate
What are the different types of Electron Microscopes?
- Scanning (surface)
2. Transmission (inside)
To be living you must…
- Order
- Evolutionary Adaptation
- Response to the Environment
- Regulation
- Energy Processing
- Growth and Development
- Reproduction
Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells?
- DNA usually not enclosed in a membrane
- DNA not associated with histones
- Lack organelles
- Cell wall usually made of peptidoglycan
- Divide by binary fission (asexual process)
Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells?
- DNA in a nucleus and packed using histones
- Lots of organelles
- Cell wall chemically different when present
- Cell division involves cytokinesis/mitosis
Coccus or Cocci
Round
Bacillus or Bacilli
Rod
Coccobacillus
Short/plump rod
Vibrio
Curved rod
Spirillum
Short, rigid helical rod
Spirochete
Long, flexible helical rod
What is Arrangement?
Grouping of bacterial cells
How is Arrangement determined?
By how cells divide and remain attached after division
What is Glycocalyx?
Sugar/ protein coat outside the cell wall
What are 2 types of Glycocalyx?
- Slime layer-loosely organized and attached
2. Capsule-highly organized and tightly attached
What are the functions of Glycocalyx?
- Protect against dehydration and nutrient loss
- Inhibit WBC phagocytosis
- More pathogenic
- Attachment help form biofilm
What is Monotrichous?
Single
What is Lophotrichous?
Small bunches at one end
What is Amphitrichous?
Flagella at both ends of cell
What is Peritrichous?
All over surface and slowest
What is Sex Pili?
Appendage used to transfer DNA
Cell wall of G+
- Thick layer of PG, periplasmic space, PM
2. Teichoic and lipoteichoic acids extend through PG
Cell wall of G-
- Outer membrane, space, thin layer of PG, space, inner membrane
