Ch1 Atomic Structure

Question 1

Separation techniques

Answer 1

1. Filtration
2. Chromatography
3. Simple distillation
4. Crystallisation
5. Evaporation
6. Fractional distillation

Question 2

John Dalton

Answer 2

first ideas about atoms

tiny, hard spheres that cannot be divided

Question 3

plum pudding model

Answer 3

JJ. Thompson
discovered electrons
suggested the atom is a ball of positive charge with tiny negative particles embedded inside

Question 4

Alpha particle scattering

Answer 4

Thomas Rutherford(+Geiger and Marsden)
alpha particles were repelled of gold foil
mass of an atom is concentrated in the centre(nucleus)
nucleus is positively charged(contains protons)
cloud of electrons orbit the nucleus

Question 5

Bohr Model

Answer 5

electrons orbit nucleus in fixed shells

Question 6

James Chadwick

Answer 6

discovered neutrons

fixed missing mass problem

Question 7

sub-atomic charges

1. proton
2. nucleus
3. electron

Answer 7

1. +
2. 0
3. -

Question 8

sub-atomic masses

1. proton
2. nucleus
3. electron

Answer 8

1. 1
2. 1
3. 0

Question 9

mass number

atomic weight

Answer 9

protons + neutrons

Question 10

atomic number

Answer 10

protons

electrons

Question 11

isotopes

Answer 11

atoms of the same element
different number of neutrons
same number of protons and electrons
same atomic number
different mass number

Question 12

working out atomic mass

Answer 12

total mass of atoms/ total number of atoms

Question 13

ions

Answer 13

a charged atom

due to losing or gaining an electron

Question 14

electronic structure

Answer 14

2, 8, 8

Question 15

soluble

Answer 15

substance that is able to be dissolved

Question 16

solvent

Answer 16

substance that is able to dissolve other substances

Question 17

solution

Answer 17

a liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is uniformly distributed within the major component (the solvent)

Question 18

solute

Answer 18

the minor component in a solution, dissolved in the solvent