Ch1

Question 1

What is a one sentence description for evolution?

Answer 1

Change over time

Question 2

Change over time

Answer 2

evolution

Question 3

What makes Darwin different from earlier scientists?

Answer 3

He was able to come up with a testable hypothesis

Question 4

Lyle and Hutton (geologists) came up with two forms of geology

Answer 4

gradualism and uniformitarianism

Question 5

The concept of gradualism

Answer 5

How things evolve gradually, such as in the case of cars. 2002-2003 look similar but 2002 and 2022 have a drastic difference.

Question 6

The concept of uniformitarianism

Answer 6

That a cause (such as flooding on mountains) will create the same effect wherever present, regardless of region.

Question 7

Homologous structures

Answer 7

structures that many species have alike that are shared from common ancestor

Question 8

Directional selection

Answer 8

favors individuals on one homozygous end of the phenotypic spectrum

Question 9

Disruptive selection

Answer 9

Favors individuals on both homozygous ends of the phenotypic spectrum

Question 10

Stabilizing Selection

Answer 10

Does not favor any homozygous phenotypes, but favors intermediate phenotypes.

Question 11

Sexual Selection

Answer 11

The idea that females of a population are the selective pressure and determine the fitness of a male population.

Question 12

sexual dimorphism

Answer 12

Marked differences between males and females by secondary sex characteristics

Question 13

_________ selection happens when males in a population compete with each other for who is going to be able to mate

Answer 13

intrasexual selection

Question 14

________ selection happens when females within a population choose their mates based on specific phenotypes

Answer 14

intersexual selection

Question 15

Males showiness within a population may be good for __________ but bad for _________

Answer 15

attraction, survival

Question 16

Good genes hypothesis

Answer 16

If a male has specific phenotypic features, he is thought to have good genes.

Question 17

Who have the bigger alimentary canals/digestive tracts? (Omnivores, Herbivores or Carnivores)

Answer 17

Herbivores, to get nutrient out of plants

Question 18

osmoconformers

Answer 18

surroundings regulate osmolarity

Question 19

osmoconformers

Answer 19

surroundings regulate osmolarity

Question 20

osmoregulators

Answer 20

use energy to adapt to hyper/hypo osmotic environment

Question 21

Fish want to be the (same/opposite) of their environment

Answer 21

opposite

Question 21

Fish want to be the (same/opposite) of their environment

Answer 21

opposite

Question 22

Three ways animals maintain water levels?

Answer 22

1. Eating
2. Drinking
3. Absorption from waste

Question 23

Fish make ________ and excrete it via ____ and ______

Answer 23

Ammonia and via skin and bladder

Question 24

Mammals make _________ which saves them water but have to use more ______

Answer 24

urea but use more energy