Ch. 7

Question 1

One animal species feeding on another animal species

Answer 1

predation

Question 2

Animal species feeding on plants

Answer 2

herbivory

Question 3

One species fighting with another for access to resources

Answer 3

Competition

Question 4

What are the three forms of symbiosis

Answer 4

parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism

Question 5

When strong competition isn’t present between species, and competitive exclusion doesn’t take place, __________ _______ happens to be present

Answer 5

ecological niche

Question 6

A niche feature enables __________

Answer 6

multiple species to benefit from a structure made by one species

Question 7

Resource partitioning shapes species by _________

Answer 7

allowing them to live in the same area, but requiring that they do not use the same resources. Such as boundaries.

Question 8

In character displacement, features are more divergent allopatrically or sympatrically?

Answer 8

sympatrically (within the same areas)

Question 9

three ways that animals that are preyed on establish defense,

Answer 9

1. herds 2. body armor (shells, spines, toxins) 3. camouflage

Question 10

three ways that animals that are preyed on establish defense,

Answer 10

1. herds 2. body armor (shells, spines, toxins) 3. camouflage

Question 11

______ coloration hides preyed on species, while ________ coloration is their way of warning predators of their poison

Answer 11

cryptic, aposematic

Question 12

batesian mimicry

Answer 12

A species imitates a dangerous species, even though it, itself isn’t (mimicking batista)

Question 13

Mullerian mimicry

Answer 13

when two dangerous species have the same patterns

Question 14

Positive negative interaction

Answer 14

parasitism

Question 15

positive positive interaction

Answer 15

mutualism

Question 16

positive/unaffected interaction

Answer 16

commensalism

Question 17

Obligate mutualism

Answer 17

Both parties get a positive positive benefit but more importantly can’t survive without each other

Question 18

T/F animals digest plant material on their own

Answer 18

False, animals don’t digest plant material on their own. The internal fungus and bacteria do.

Question 19

Facultative mutualism is the phenomena in which

Answer 19

both species can survive alone, but greatly benefit from living together

Question 20

The two components of species diversity

Answer 20

Richness and relative abundance

Question 21

Richness is _________ while relative abundance is ______

Answer 21

the amount of variety, the percentage per group

Question 22

Relative abundance is proportional to __________

Answer 22

The species that are present

Question 23

Moderate levels of disturbance, results in ______

Answer 23

The highest variety of species

Question 24

Does human disturbance typically increases or reduces species diversity?

Answer 24

reduces

Question 25

T/F Phytoplankton have the biggest effect on communities worldwide because most animals consume them

Answer 25

False, humans have the biggest effect

Question 26

T/F Phytoplankton have the biggest effect on communities worldwide because most animals consume them

Answer 26

False, humans have the biggest effect

Question 27

The study of energy transformation

Answer 27

Thermodynamics

Question 28

First law of thermodynamics

Answer 28

Energy can be transformed and transferred but not created not destroyed

Question 29

_________ energy in food transfers to _______ energy

Answer 29

chemical to kinetic

Question 30

T/F: There is an energy source that is 100% efficient so no heat is lost

Answer 30

F: No transformation is 100% efficient. The more work, the more entropy (loss of heat) (Second law)

Question 31

_______ consumers eat plants, __________ consumers eat things that eat plants

Answer 31

Primary, secondary

Question 32

Are oceans heating up faster than lands?

Answer 32

Yes

Question 33

cons of ice heating up

Answer 33

1. No frozen water reservoir for water to trickle 2. Less reflection so more heating up 3. Less absorption of heat via ice in water