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HIT 135 Med Term > Ch 9.2 Nervous System; Brain and Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Ch 9.2 Nervous System; Brain and Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

How much does the adult brain weigh?

A

3 pounds

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2
Q

Name the three major regions of the brain:

A

cerebrum
brainstem
cerebellum

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3
Q

The cerebrum is about ___ % of the brain and consists of two ____ hemispheres

A

80%

cerebral

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4
Q

responsible for memory, intellect, concentration, problem solving, emotion, planning and execution of behavior, voluntary motor control of muscles

A

frontal lobe

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5
Q

area of brain behind forehead

A

frontal lobe

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6
Q

area of brain above the ear

A

parietal lobe

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7
Q

receives and interprets sensations of pain, pressure, touch, temperature, and body part awareness

A

parietal lobe

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8
Q

posterior two-thirds of cerebral hemispheres

located behind the ear

A

temporal lobe

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9
Q

involved in interpreting sensory experiences, sounds, and spoken words

A

temporal lobe

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10
Q

posterior area of brain

A

occipital lobe

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11
Q

interprets visual images and the written word

A

occipital lobe

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12
Q

cerebral cortex contains ___% of all the neurons in the nervous system

A

70%

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13
Q

most posterior area of the brain

coordinates skeletal muscle activity to maintain posture and balance

A

cerebell-um

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14
Q

region of the brain that includes thalamus, pineal gland, pons, fourth ventricle, medulla oblongata

A

brainstem

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15
Q

relays sensory impulses from peripheral nerves to higher brain centers
controls cardiovascular and respiratory functions

A

brain stem

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16
Q

cerebell

A

little brain

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17
Q

cerebr

A

brain

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18
Q

bridge of nerve fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres

A

corpus callos-um

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19
Q

callos

A

thickening

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20
Q

gray covering of cerebral hemispheres

A

cortex
cortical (adj)
Latin; shell

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21
Q

rounded elevation on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres

ridges

A

gyrus
gyri (pl)
Greek circle

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22
Q

occipit

A

back of head

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23
Q

pariet

A

wall

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24
Q

groove on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres

separates gyri

A

sulcus
sulci (pl)
Latin; furrow, ditch

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25
Q

tempor

A

temple, side of head

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26
Q

cross over like the arms of an “X”

A

decussate

Latin; to make in the form of a cross

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27
Q

Area of gray matter forming part of the walls and floor of the third ventricle

A

hypo-thalam-us

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28
Q

hypo-

A

below

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29
Q

thalam

A

thalamus

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30
Q

-us

A

pertaining to

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31
Q

pertaining to the system which controls vital functions of breathing, heart beat, blood pressure

A

limbic

Latin; border

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32
Q

most posterior subdivision of the brainstem, continuation of the spinal cord

A

medulla oblong-ata

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33
Q

medulla

A

middle

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34
Q

oblong

A

elongated

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35
Q

-ata

A

place

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36
Q

relays sensory information from the peripheral nerves to different areas of the brain

A

pons

Latin; bridge

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37
Q

fine network of cells in the medulla oblongata

A

reticul-um

reticul-ar (adj)

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38
Q

-um

A

structure

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39
Q

reticul

A

fine net

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40
Q

relays sensory information to the cerebral cortex

A

thalamus

Greek; inner room

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41
Q

a cavity of the heart or brain

A

ventricle

Latin; belly

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42
Q

ventricul

A

ventricle

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43
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

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44
Q

regulates BP, body temp, water and electrolyte balance, hunger, sleep/wake, movement of GI tract

A

hypo-thalam-us

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45
Q

aid in controlling the amplitude of voluntary muscular movement and posture;
plays part in emotion and cognition

A

basal nuclei

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46
Q

Name the two major areas of the brainstem

A

pons

medulla oblongata

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47
Q

controls visceral activities, HR, breathing, vasoconstriction/dilation, arouse cerebral cortex into wakefulness

A

medulla oblong-ata

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48
Q

Name cranial nerves 1-3

Only Owls Observe Them Traveling And Finding Voldemort Guarding Very Secret Horcruxes

A

I- Olfactory nerves
II- Optic nerves
III- Oculomotor nerves

49
Q

Name cranial nerves 4-6

Only Owls Observe Them Traveling And Finding Voldemort Guarding Very Secret Horcruxes

A

IV- Trochlear nerves
V- Trigeminal nerves
VI- Abducens nerves

50
Q

Name cranial nerves 7-9

Only Owls Observe Them Traveling And Finding Voldemort Guarding Very Secret Horcruxes

A

VII- Facial nerves
VIII- Vestibulocochlear (auditory) nerves
IX- Glossopharyngeal nerves

51
Q

Name cranial nerves 10-12

Only Owls Observe Them Traveling And Finding Voldemort Guarding Very Secret Horcruxes

A

X- Vagus nerves
XI- Accessory nerves
XII- Hypoglossal nerves

52
Q

_ cranial nerve; responsible for eye movement

A

VI- abducens

Latin; abduct, draw away from

53
Q

_ cranial nerve; supplying neck muscles, pharynx, and larynx

A

XI- accessory

Latin; move toward

54
Q

pertaining to the sense of or the organs of hearing

A

audit-ory

55
Q

audit

A

hearing

56
Q

-ory

A

having the function of

57
Q

pertaining to the skull

A

cranial

58
Q

crani

A

skull

59
Q

_ cranial nerve; supplying the forehead, nose, eyes, mouth, and jaws

A

VII- facial

Latin; face

60
Q

_ cranial nerve; supplying the tongue and pharynx

A

IX; gloss/o-pharyng-eal

61
Q

-eal

A

pertaining to

62
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

63
Q

pharyng

A

pharynx

64
Q

_ cranial nerve; supplying muscles of the tongue

A

XII; hypo-gloss-al

65
Q

hypo-

A

below, under

66
Q

gloss

A

tongue

67
Q

_ cranial nerve; moves the eye

A

III- ocul/o-mot-or

68
Q

ocul/o

A

eye

69
Q

mot

A

move

70
Q

-or

A

doer

71
Q

_ cranial nerve; carries information related to the sense of smell

A

I- olfact-ory

72
Q

olfact

A

smell

73
Q

_ cranial nerve; carries visual information

A

II- opt-ic

74
Q

opt

A

eye

75
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

76
Q

_ cranial nerve; sensory and motor nerves responsible for face, nose, and mouth sensations and for chewing

A

V- tri-gemin-al

77
Q

gemin

A

double, twin

78
Q

_ cranial nerve; supplies muscle of the eye for movement

A

IV- trochle-ar

79
Q

trochle

A

pulley

80
Q

_ cranial nerve; supplies many different organs throughout the body

A

X- vagus

Latin to wander

81
Q

_ cranial nerve; carrying information for hearing and balance

A

VIII- vestibul/o-cochle-ar

82
Q

vestibul/o

A

vestibule of inner ear

83
Q

cochle

A

cochlea

84
Q

cervical region

A

C1-C8

85
Q

thoracic region

A

T1-T12

86
Q

Lumbar region

A

L1-L5

87
Q

sacral region

A

S1-S5

88
Q

spinal cord extends from base of skull to _

A

first lumbar vertebra

89
Q

Three layers of the meninges

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

90
Q

CSF is contained in the

A

subarachnoid space

91
Q

web-like middle layer of the three meninges

A

arachn-oid mater

92
Q

arachn

A

cobweb, spider

93
Q

mater

A

mother

94
Q

-oid

A

resembling

95
Q

bundle of spinal nerves in the bottom one third of the vertebral canal; below ending of spinal cord

A

caud/a equin/a

96
Q

caud/a

A

tail

97
Q

equin/a

A

horse

98
Q

cervic

A

neck

99
Q

The area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve; also an instrument used for cutting thin slices

A

derm/a-tome

100
Q

derm/a

A

skin

101
Q

-tome

A

instrument to cut

102
Q

hard, fibrous outer layer of the meninges

A

dur/a mater

103
Q

dur/a

A

hard

104
Q

above the dura

A

epi-dur-al

105
Q

dur

A

dura mater

106
Q

the space between two vertebrae

A

inter-vertebr-al

107
Q

inter-

A

between

108
Q

pertaining to the region in the back and sides between the ribs and pelvis

A

lumbar

Latin loins

109
Q

three layered covering of the brain and spinal cord

A

meninges

Greek membrane

110
Q

delicate inner layer of the meninges

A

pia mater

111
Q

pia

A

delicate

112
Q

sacr

A

sacrum

113
Q

space between the pia mater and the arachnoid mater

A

sub-arachn-oid

114
Q

sub-

A

under

115
Q

-oid

A

resembling

116
Q

pertaining to the chest

A

thorac-ic

117
Q

thorac

A

chest

118
Q

bundle of nerve fibers with common origin and destination

A

tract

Latin draw out

HIT 135 Med Term (4 decks)

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