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(Nate Class) CHs overview > CH 9 The Sensory System (Eyes and Ears) > Flashcards

CH 9 The Sensory System (Eyes and Ears) Flashcards

1
Q

Eyes

A

sensory organs that sense light and produce vision

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2
Q

Ophthalmic drugs
‘eye drops’ are…

A

aqueous products to treat eye conditions

May contain antibiotics, steroids, beta-blockers, NSAIDs, lubricants, e

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3
Q

Common disorders that can affect the eyes

A

Glaucoma
Chronic dry eye
Conjunctivitis
CMV retinitis
Age-related macular degeneration

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4
Q

Prostaglandin Agonists

A

reduce intraocular pressure associated with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension

Apply 1 drop to affected eye(s) once daily

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5
Q

Glaucoma Agents
Prostaglandin Analogs
DRUG LIST
generic name endings with, “-prost”

A

bimatoprost (Lumigan)
latanoprost (Xalatan)
latanoprostene bunod (Vyvolta)
tafluprost (Zioptan)
travoprost (Travatan)
unoprostone (Rescula)

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6
Q

Prostaglandin
Side Effects

A

eye pain, headache, irritation, itchiness, or blurred vision

may cause eye color in the iris to turn brown and eyelash growth

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7
Q

Beta Blockers

A

reduce intraocular pressure associated with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension

Apply 1 drop to affected eye(s) twice daily

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8
Q

Beta Blockers
Side Effects

A

eye pain, headache, irritation, itchiness, burning or stinging, or blurred vision

may cause cardiac side effects, myalgias, and edema

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9
Q

Glaucoma Agents
Beta Blockers
DRUG LIST
generic name endings with, “-olol”

A

betaxolol (Betoptic S)
carteolol (generic only)
levobunolol (Betagan)
metipranolol (OptiPranolol)
timolol (Betimol, Timoptic)

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10
Q

Glaucoma Agents
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
DRUG LIST
generic name endings with, “-amide”

A

Oral tablets

acetazolamide (Diamox)
dichlorphenamide (Keveyis)
methazolamide

Ophthalmic drops

brinzolamide (Azopt)
dorzolamide (Trusopt)

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10
Q

Glaucoma Agents
Alpha Receptor Agonists
DRUG LIST
generic name endings with, “-onidine”

A

apraclonidine (Iopidine)
brimonidine (Alphagan P)

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11
Q

Ophthalmic Agents
Dry Eyes
DRUG LIST

A

artificial tears (Refresh, Soothe, Systane, Tears)

cyclosporin (Restasis)

lifitegrast (Xiidra)

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12
Q

Ophthalmic Agents
Topical Corticosteroids
DRUG LIST

A

dexamethasone
fluorometholone (Flarex)
loteprednol (Alrex, Inveltys, Lotemax, Zylet)
prednisolone (Pred Forte, Pred Mild)

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13
Q

Common Ophthalmic Antibiotic Agents
Conjunctivitis “pink eye”

Aminoglycosides
generic name endings with, “-cyn”

A

Garamycin
Gentak
Gentasol
Tobrex

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14
Q

Common Ophthalmic Antibiotic Agents
Conjunctivitis “pink eye”

Macrolides
generic name ends with, “-thromycin”

A

AzaSite
Klarity-A
Romycin
Ophthalmic

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15
Q

Common Ophthalmic Antibiotic Agents
Conjunctivitis “pink eye”

Quinolones
generic name ends with“-floxacin”

A

Ciloxan
Zymaxid
Vigamox
Iquix
Ocuflox

16
Q

Common Ophthalmic Antibiotic Agents
Conjunctivitis “pink eye”

A

Bleph-30
Cetamide

17
Q

Common Ophthalmic Combination Agents

A

gentamicin/prednisolone (Pred-G)

neomycin/polymyxin B/dexamethasone (Maxitrol)

sulfacetamide/prednisolone (Blephamide)

tobramycin/dexamethasone (TobraDex)

ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone (CiproDex)

18
Q

Common Ophthalmic Antiviral Agents

A

acyclovir (Ocuvir)
ganciclovir (Zirgan)
trifluridine (Viroptic)

19
Q

Common Ophthalmic Antifungal Agents

A

natamycin (Natacyn)

20
Q

Otitis Media

A

Middle ear infection (common in children)
does not allow fluid to drain properly

Symptoms
Ear, jaw or sinus pain, itching, dizziness, pressure in the ears, or fever

21
Q

Otitis Externa
“SWIMMERS EAR”

A

External ear infection that usually involves bacteria or fungi found in the earwax due to build up of ear wax

22
Q

Common Otic Agents
Antibiotics

A

ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone (CiproDex)

ciprofloxacin/prednisone (Cipro HC)

neomycin/polymyxin/hydrocortisone (Cortisporin Otic Solution)

22
Q

Common Otic Agents
Drying agents

A

acetic acid

Isopropyl alcohol/glycerin (Acetasol)

23
Q

Common Otic Agent
Earwax dissolver

A

carbamide peroxide (Debrox)

24
Q

Common Otic Agents
Analgesic

A

Benzocaine/benzethonium chloride/glycerinm(Ottocaine, Pinnacaine)

25
Q

Suspensions can be used if…

(medicine is mixed with a liquid, usually water, in which it cannot dissolve and therefore remains intact in the form of small particles)

A

There are tubes in the ears
The eardrum is ruptured

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