ch 9 stratification

Question 1

most extreme form individuals are owned by other people and treated as property

Answer 1

slavery

part of three systems of stratification

Question 2

systems of stratification are hereditary systems of rank, usually religiously dictated that tend to be fixed and immobile (born into it)

Answer 2

caste

part of three systems of stratification

Question 3

social ranking based primarily on economic position

Answer 3

social classes

part of three systems of stratification

Question 4

focused on conflicts among social classes

Answer 4

Marx’s concept of class

Question 5

differences between classes are based on economics and property (all about material)

Answer 5

Marx’s concept of class

Question 6

historically based concept – not one answer to the question of social class

Answer 6

Marx’s concept of class

Question 7

some societies in history have many classes, but modern society only has two

Answer 7

Marx’s concept of class

Question 8

class defined by means of production – everything that produces wealth (land, machinery, factories, tools, investments) EXCEPT LABOR

Answer 8

Marx’s two class society

Question 9

whether or not you control the means of production determines your class

Answer 9

Marx’s two class society

Question 10

own the means of production

Answer 10

bourgeoisie

Question 11

workers, laborers, who don’t own property

Answer 11

proletariat

Question 12

Marx’s said these people are nothing more than “better paid slaves”

Answer 12

middle class

Question 13

lower class will not unite to resist those in power until they become aware of…

Answer 13

• their common interest (“we are all in this together”)

- their common enemy (bourgeoisie)

Question 14

1-2% of U.S. wealthiest

Answer 14

upper class

Question 15

10-15% of U.S. wealthy professionals

Answer 15

upper middle class

Question 16

30-35% less affluent professionals, or uneducated but upwardly mobile (send kids to college)

Answer 16

lower middle class

Question 17

40-45% manual labor or blue collar

Answer 17

working class

Question 18

20-25% of U.S. minority ethnic groups, single parents who can’t find work

Answer 18

lower class

Question 19

no single characteristic totally defines one’s position in the system

Answer 19

Weber’s View of Stratification

Question 20

• property (Weber’s term “class”)
• prestige (“status”)
• power (“party”)

Answer 20

Three Components of Stratification

Question 21

predicts that people whose status is inconsistent (higher in one dimension than another) will be more frustrated & dissatisfied

Answer 21

status inconsistency

Question 22

• people must have political structure
• political structure requires inequality of power
• those with power will exploit others to gain advantage

Answer 22

Is inequality inevitable?

Mosca: yes

Question 23

• functionalist theory of stratification: inequality has a function
• society must give more reward to the most important positions/roles to ensure supply
• inequality must exist to fill key jobs (key is replacability

Answer 23

Is inequality inevitable?

Davis and Moore: yes

Question 24

• workers revolt and overthrow owners

- start over with no classes

Answer 24

Is inequality inevitable?

Marx: no

Question 25

upward and downward movement within a stratification system

Answer 25

social mobility

Question 26

____ ____ depends on: - rules governing how we keep our position - achieved status rules=based on merit - ascribed status rules=based on who you are (family background, gender, POB, etc) - structural changes

Answer 26

social mobility

Question 27

movement between classes due to changes in the number of upper and lower class positions

Answer 27

structural mobility

Question 28

cultural advances in technology may open up high paying tech jobs

Answer 28

structural mobility

Question 29

movement between classes due to positions opening at the top from downward mobility

Answer 29

exchange mobility

Question 30

someone at the top is fired

Answer 30

exchange mobility