Ch 9 MUCUS CONTROLLING Drugs

Question 1

Mucin?

Answer 1

principal constituent of mucus

Question 2

Mucus?

Answer 2

secretion from surface goblet cells and submucosal glands composed of water, proteins, and glycosylated mucins

Question 3

Sputum?

Answer 3

Expectorated phlegm that contains respiratory tract, oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal secretions, bacteria, and products of inflammation

Question 4

Phlegm?

Answer 4

Purulent material in the airways

Question 5

Sol?

Answer 5

“Macromolecular description of the respiratory secretion in true solution, with the physical property of viscosity.”

Question 6

Gel?

Answer 6

Macomolecular description of pseudoplastic material having both viscosity and elasticity.

Question 7

Adhesion?

Answer 7

attractive forces between UNlike molecules (ie mucus and airway surface)

Question 8

Cohesion?

Answer 8

Forces between LIKE molecules (ie:elongation of mucus macromolecule)

Question 9

Elasticity?

Answer 9

Ability of a deformed material to return to its original shape (Characteristic of solids–represented by storage of modulus G)

Question 10

Viscosity?

Answer 10

Resistance of liquid to sheer forces (Characteristic of liquids–represented by loss of modulus G)

Question 11

How far do cilia move items? (peripheral vs trachea)

Answer 11

Peripheral = 1.5 mm/min
Trachea = 20 mm/min

Question 12

Mucoactive?

Answer 12

any medication or drug that has an effect on mucus secretion

Question 13

Mucolytic?

Answer 13

Degrades polymers in secretions or breaks down the structure of mucus (pulmozyme)

Question 14

Expectorant?

Answer 14

designed to increase the volume or hydration of airway secretions

Question 15

Mucoregulatory?

Answer 15

reduces the volume of airway mucus secretions and seems to be especially effective in hypersecretory states

Question 16

Mucokinetic?

Answer 16

increases ciliary clearance

Question 17

Mucospissic?

Answer 17

increases viscosity of secretions and may be effective in therapy of bronchorrhea

Question 18

What are brand names for N-acetylcysteine?

Answer 18

Mucomyst

Mucosil

Question 19

Mode of action for N-acetylcysteine? (Mucomyst/mucosil)

Answer 19

breaks disulfide bonds in mucus!

Antioxidant in acetaminophen overdose

Question 20

Two concentrations of N-acetylcysteine?

Answer 20

10% and 20%

10% causes fewer bronchospasms. Should be refrigerated and discarded after 96 hours of opening

Question 21

Hazards of N-acetylcysteine?

Answer 21

Bronchospasm
Stomatitis
Nausea
Rhinorrhea
Also, it may be incompatible with certain antibiotics!

Question 22

What is the brand name of dornase alfa?

Answer 22

Pulmozyme!

Question 23

What is the indication for dornase alfa? (pulmozyme?)

Answer 23

Cystic fibrosis…
Clearance of purulent secretions
reduce frequency of respiratory infections
Improve their pulmonary function

Question 24

What is dornase alfa’s (pulmozyme) mode of action?

Answer 24

It breaks down DNA to reduce viscosity and adhesivity

Question 25

Dose and administration of dornase alfa?

Answer 25

``` 2.5 mg in 2.5 ml solution Must be administered by... Hudson RCI nebulizer Acorn II nebulizer PARI nebulizer ```

Question 26

Adverse effects of dornase alfa (pulmozyme?)

Answer 26

Safe and effective for kids over 5 years | Common: voice alteration, pharyngitis, laryngitis, rash, chest pain, conjunctivitis

Question 27

Expectorant examples?

Answer 27

oligosaccharides Guaifenesin (Mucinex) Hyperosmolar

Question 28

Contraindications for mucoactive drug therapy?

Answer 28

``` FEV1 < 25% predicted Compromised VC or expiratory flow GERD Inability to protect airway Acute bronchitis/ exacerbation of chronic disease ```