Ch. 9 Body Structure and Function

Question 1

artery

Answer 1

a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

Question 2

capillary

Answer 2

a very tiny blood vessel; nutrients, oxygen, and other substances pass from capillaries into the cells

Question 3

cell

Answer 3

the basic unit of body structure

Question 4

digestion

Answer 4

the process that breaks down food physically and chemically so ti can be absorbed for use by the cells

Question 5

hemoglobin

Answer 5

the substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen and gives blood its red color

Question 6

hormone

Answer 6

a chemical substance secreted by the endocrine glands into the bloodstream

Question 7

immunity

Answer 7

protection against a disease or condition; the person will not get or be affected by the disease

Question 8

joint

Answer 8

the point at which 2 or more bones meet to allow movement

Question 9

menstruation

Answer 9

The process in which the lining of the uterus (endometrium) breaks up and is discharged from the body through the vagina

Question 10

metabolism

Answer 10

how the body uses nutrients to provide energy and maintain body functions

Question 11

organ

Answer 11

groups of tissue that function together

Question 12

peristalsis

Answer 12

involuntary muscle contractions in the digestive system that move food down the esophagus through the alimentary canal

Question 13

reflex

Answer 13

the body’s response (function or movement) to a stimulus

Question 14

respiration

Answer 14

the process of supplying cells with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from them

Question 15

stimulus

Answer 15

Anything that excites or causes a body part to function, become active, or respond

Question 16

system

Answer 16

organs that work together to perform special functions

Question 17

tissue

Answer 17

A group of cells with similar functions

Question 18

vein

Answer 18

a blood vessel that returns blood to heart