CH 9 Flashcards
azot/o
nitrogenous waste
bacteri/o
bacteria
bi/o
life
carcin/o
cancerous
corpor/o
body
cyst/o
bladder, pouch
glomerul/o
glomerulus
glycos/o
sugar
hem/o
hemat/o
blood
hydr/i
water
keton/o
ketones
lith/o
stone
meat/o
meatus
necr/o
death
nephr/o
kidney
neur/o
nerve
noct/i
night
olig/o
scanty
peritone/o
peritoneum
protein/o
protein
py/o
pus
pyel/o
renal pelvis
ren/o
kidney
ur/o
urin/o
urine
ureter/o
ureter
urethr/o
urethra
ven/o
vein
-algia
pain
-cele
protrusion
-ectasis
dilated
-ectomy
surgical removal
-emia
blood condition
-genic
producing
-gram
record
-graphy
process of recording
-lith
stone
-lithiasis
condition of stones
-logy
study of
-lysis
to destroy or break down
-malacia
abnormal softening
-megaly
enlarged
-meter
instrument to measure
-osis
abnormal condition
-ostomy
surgically create an opening
-otomy
cutting into
-pathy
disease
-pexy
surgical fixation
-plasty
surgical repair
-ptosis
drooping
-rrhagia
abnormal flow condition
-sclerosis
hardening
-scope
instrument to visually examine
-scopy
process of visually examining
-stenosis
narrowing
-tripsy
surgical crushing
-uria
urine condition
an-
w/o
anti-
against
dys-
painful, difficult
extra-
outside of
intra-
within
retro-
backward
branch of medicine involved in diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the kidney.
nephrology
complete suppression of urine formed by the kidneys and a complete lack of urine excretion
anuria
an- : w/o
-uria: urine condition
accumulation of nitrogenous waste in the bloodstream.
azotemia
azot/o: nitrogenous waste
-emia: blood condition
presence of bacteria in urine
bacteriuria
bacteri/o
-uria
stone formed within an organ by an accumulation of mineral salts
calculus
urinary bladder pain
cystalgia
cyst/o: bladder
-algia: pain
bladder stone
cystolith
-lith: stone
profuse bleeding from the urinary bladder
cystorrhagia
-rrhagia: abnormal flow condition
increased formation and excretion of urine
diuresis
difficult or painful urination
dysuria
involuntary discharge of urine after the age by which bladder control should have been established.
enuresis
nephrolith
kidney stone
having to urinate frequently during the night
nocturia
noct/i: night
-uria: urine condition
producing too little urine
oliguria
olig/o: scanty
presence of pus in the urine
pyuria
py/o: pus
narrowing of a passageway in the urinary system
stricture
ureter is stretched out or dilated
ureterectasis
antonym (ureterostenosis)
urethral pain
urethralgia
profuse bleeding from urethra
urethrorrhagia
terms pertaining to urinating
frequency hesitancy
urgency
inability to fully empty the bladder, often indicates blockage
urinary retention
damage to the renal tubules due to presence of toxins in the urine or ischemia.
acute tubular necrosis (ATN)
accumulation of damage to the glomerulus capillaries due to the chronic high blood sugars of diabetes mellitus
diabetic nephropathy
damage to the glomerulus resulting in protein appearing in the urine, proteinuria, and the corresponding decrease in protein in blood stream
nephrotic syndrome (NS)
renal pelvis inflammation
pyelitis
pyel/o: renal pelvis
malignant kidney tumor found most often in children
Wilm’s tumor (VILMZ)
blockage of bladder outlet
bladder neck obstruction (BNO)
protrusion or herniation of the urinary bladder into the wall of the vagina
cystocele
cyst/o: bladder
-cele: protrusion
loss of nervous control that leads to retention; may be caused by spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis
neurogenic bladder
neur/o: nerve
-genic: producing
blood test to measure kidney function by level of nitrogenous waste (urea) that is in the blood
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
urine sample obtained after cleaning off the urinary opening
clean catch specimen (CC)
test of kidney function
creatinine clearance
injecting dye into the bloodstream and then taking an X-ray to trace the action of the kidney as it excretes the dye
excretory urography (EU)
Diagnostic X-ray procedure in which a dye is injected into a vein and then X-rays are taken to visualize the renal pelvis and the dye is removed by the kidneys
intravenous pyelography (IVP)
X-ray taken of the abdomen demonstrating the kidneys, ureters, and bladder w/o dye
kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB) or flat-plate abdomen
Diagnostic X-ray procedure in which dye is inserted through the urethra to outline the bladder, ureters, and renal pelvis
retrograde pyelography (RP)
X-ray taken to visualize the urethra while the patient is voiding after a contrast dye has been placed in the bladder
voiding cystourethrography (VCUG)
use of ultrasound waves to break up stones
extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL)
extra-: outside of
corpor/o: body
-tripsy: surgical crushing
used to prevent or reduce bladder muscle spasms
EX: oxybutynin, Ditropan; neostigmine, Prostigmine
antispasmodic
increases volume of urine produced by kidneys
diuretic
