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Medical Terminology > CH 9 > Flashcards

CH 9 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

azot/o

A

nitrogenous waste

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2
Q

bacteri/o

A

bacteria

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3
Q

bi/o

A

life

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4
Q

carcin/o

A

cancerous

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5
Q

corpor/o

A

body

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6
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder, pouch

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7
Q

glomerul/o

A

glomerulus

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8
Q

glycos/o

A

sugar

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9
Q

hem/o

hemat/o

A

blood

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10
Q

hydr/i

A

water

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11
Q

keton/o

A

ketones

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12
Q

lith/o

A

stone

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13
Q

meat/o

A

meatus

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14
Q

necr/o

A

death

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15
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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16
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

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17
Q

noct/i

A

night

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18
Q

olig/o

A

scanty

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19
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

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20
Q

protein/o

A

protein

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21
Q

py/o

A

pus

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22
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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23
Q

ren/o

A

kidney

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24
Q

ur/o

urin/o

A

urine

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25
Q

ureter/o

A

ureter

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26
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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27
Q

ven/o

A

vein

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28
Q

-algia

A

pain

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29
Q

-cele

A

protrusion

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30
Q

-ectasis

A

dilated

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31
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal

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32
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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33
Q

-genic

A

producing

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34
Q

-gram

A

record

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35
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

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36
Q

-lith

A

stone

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37
Q

-lithiasis

A

condition of stones

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38
Q

-logy

A

study of

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39
Q

-lysis

A

to destroy or break down

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40
Q

-malacia

A

abnormal softening

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41
Q

-megaly

A

enlarged

42
Q

-meter

A

instrument to measure

43
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

44
Q

-ostomy

A

surgically create an opening

45
Q

-otomy

A

cutting into

46
Q

-pathy

A

disease

47
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation

48
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

49
Q

-ptosis

A

drooping

50
Q

-rrhagia

A

abnormal flow condition

51
Q

-sclerosis

A

hardening

52
Q

-scope

A

instrument to visually examine

53
Q

-scopy

A

process of visually examining

54
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing

55
Q

-tripsy

A

surgical crushing

56
Q

-uria

A

urine condition

57
Q

an-

A

w/o

58
Q

anti-

A

against

59
Q

dys-

A

painful, difficult

60
Q

extra-

A

outside of

61
Q

intra-

A

within

62
Q

retro-

A

backward

63
Q

branch of medicine involved in diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the kidney.

A

nephrology

64
Q

complete suppression of urine formed by the kidneys and a complete lack of urine excretion

A

anuria

an- : w/o
-uria: urine condition

65
Q

accumulation of nitrogenous waste in the bloodstream.

A

azotemia

azot/o: nitrogenous waste
-emia: blood condition

66
Q

presence of bacteria in urine

A

bacteriuria

bacteri/o
-uria

67
Q

stone formed within an organ by an accumulation of mineral salts

A

calculus

68
Q

urinary bladder pain

A

cystalgia

cyst/o: bladder
-algia: pain

69
Q

bladder stone

A

cystolith

-lith: stone

70
Q

profuse bleeding from the urinary bladder

A

cystorrhagia

-rrhagia: abnormal flow condition

71
Q

increased formation and excretion of urine

A

diuresis

72
Q

difficult or painful urination

A

dysuria

73
Q

involuntary discharge of urine after the age by which bladder control should have been established.

A

enuresis

74
Q

nephrolith

A

kidney stone

75
Q

having to urinate frequently during the night

A

nocturia

noct/i: night
-uria: urine condition

76
Q

producing too little urine

A

oliguria

olig/o: scanty

77
Q

presence of pus in the urine

A

pyuria

py/o: pus

78
Q

narrowing of a passageway in the urinary system

A

stricture

79
Q

ureter is stretched out or dilated

A

ureterectasis

antonym (ureterostenosis)

80
Q

urethral pain

A

urethralgia

81
Q

profuse bleeding from urethra

A

urethrorrhagia

82
Q

terms pertaining to urinating

A

frequency hesitancy

urgency

83
Q

inability to fully empty the bladder, often indicates blockage

A

urinary retention

84
Q

damage to the renal tubules due to presence of toxins in the urine or ischemia.

A

acute tubular necrosis (ATN)

85
Q

accumulation of damage to the glomerulus capillaries due to the chronic high blood sugars of diabetes mellitus

A

diabetic nephropathy

86
Q

damage to the glomerulus resulting in protein appearing in the urine, proteinuria, and the corresponding decrease in protein in blood stream

A

nephrotic syndrome (NS)

87
Q

renal pelvis inflammation

A

pyelitis

pyel/o: renal pelvis

88
Q

malignant kidney tumor found most often in children

A

Wilm’s tumor (VILMZ)

89
Q

blockage of bladder outlet

A

bladder neck obstruction (BNO)

90
Q

protrusion or herniation of the urinary bladder into the wall of the vagina

A

cystocele

cyst/o: bladder
-cele: protrusion

91
Q

loss of nervous control that leads to retention; may be caused by spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis

A

neurogenic bladder

neur/o: nerve
-genic: producing

92
Q

blood test to measure kidney function by level of nitrogenous waste (urea) that is in the blood

A

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

93
Q

urine sample obtained after cleaning off the urinary opening

A

clean catch specimen (CC)

94
Q

test of kidney function

A

creatinine clearance

95
Q

injecting dye into the bloodstream and then taking an X-ray to trace the action of the kidney as it excretes the dye

A

excretory urography (EU)

96
Q

Diagnostic X-ray procedure in which a dye is injected into a vein and then X-rays are taken to visualize the renal pelvis and the dye is removed by the kidneys

A

intravenous pyelography (IVP)

97
Q

X-ray taken of the abdomen demonstrating the kidneys, ureters, and bladder w/o dye

A

kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB) or flat-plate abdomen

98
Q

Diagnostic X-ray procedure in which dye is inserted through the urethra to outline the bladder, ureters, and renal pelvis

A

retrograde pyelography (RP)

99
Q

X-ray taken to visualize the urethra while the patient is voiding after a contrast dye has been placed in the bladder

A 
voiding cystourethrography
(VCUG)
100
Q

use of ultrasound waves to break up stones

A

extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL)

extra-: outside of
corpor/o: body
-tripsy: surgical crushing

101
Q

used to prevent or reduce bladder muscle spasms

EX: oxybutynin, Ditropan; neostigmine, Prostigmine

A

antispasmodic

102
Q

increases volume of urine produced by kidneys

A

diuretic

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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