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Medical Terminology > Ch 4 > Flashcards

Ch 4 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ankyl/o

A

stiff joint

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2
Q

arthr/o

articul/o

A

joint

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3
Q

burs/o

A

sac

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4
Q

carp/o

A

carpus

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5
Q

cervic/o

A

neck

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6
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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7
Q

clavicul/o

A

clavicle

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8
Q

coccyg/o

A

coccyx

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9
Q

cortic/o

A

outer layer

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10
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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11
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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12
Q

femor/o

A

femur

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13
Q

fibul/o

A

fibula

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14
Q

humer/o

A

humerus

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15
Q

ili/o

A

ilium

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16
Q

ischi/o

A

ischium

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17
Q

kyph/o

A

hump

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18
Q

lamin/o

A

lamina (part of vertebra)

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19
Q

lord/o

A

bent backward

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20
Q

lumb/o

A

loin (low back between ribs and pelvis)

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21
Q

mandibul/o

A

mandible

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22
Q

maxill/o

A

maxilla

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23
Q

medull/o

A

inner region

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24
Q

metacarp/o

A

metacarpus

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25
Q

metatars/o

A

metatarsus

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26
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow, spinal cord

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27
Q

ortho/o

A

straight

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28
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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29
Q

patell/o

A

patella

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30
Q

pector/o

A

chest

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31
Q

ped/o

A

child;foot

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32
Q

pelv/o

A

pelvis

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33
Q

phalang/o

A

phalanges

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34
Q

pod/o

A

foot

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35
Q

prosthet/o

A

addiciton

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36
Q

pub/o

A

pubic

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37
Q

radi/o

A

radius; ray (X-ray)

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38
Q

sacr/o

A

sacrum

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39
Q

scapul/o

A

scapula

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40
Q

scoli/o

A

crooked

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41
Q

spin/o

A

spine

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42
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebrae

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43
Q

stern/o

A

sternum

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44
Q

synovi/o

synov/o

A

synovial membrane

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45
Q

tars/o

A

tarsus

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46
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

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47
Q

tibi/o

A

tibia

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48
Q

uln/o

A

ulna

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49
Q

vertebr/o

A

vertebra

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50
Q

-blast

A

immature

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51
Q

-clasia

A

to surgically break

52
Q

-listhesis

A

slipping

53
Q

-logic

A

pertaining to study of

54
Q

-porosis

A

porous

55
Q

dis-

A

apart

56
Q

non-

A

not

57
Q

axial skeleton

A

includes the bones of the head, neck, spine, chest, and trunk

58
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

includes the pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvis girdle, and lower extremities

59
Q

Skull is divided into

A

cranium and facial bones

60
Q

Cranium consists of

A

the frontal, parietal, temporal, ethmoid, sphenoid, and occipital bones

61
Q

the facial bones that surround the mouth, nose, and eyes include

A

the mandible, maxilla, zygomatic, vomer, palatine, nasal, and lacrimal bones

62
Q

pectoral girdle consist of

A

the clavicle and scapula bones

63
Q

the pelvic girdle is called the

A

os coxae or innominate bone (hipbone)

64
Q

the pelvic girdle contains the

A

ilium, ischium, and pubis

65
Q

bursa

A

sac like structure composed of connective tissue and lined with synovial membrane.

66
Q

-centesis

A

puncture to withdraw fluid

67
Q

-desis

A

to fuse

68
Q

-genic

A

producing

69
Q

-gram

A

record

70
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording

71
Q

-iatry

A

medical treatment

72
Q

-malacia

A

abnormal softening

73
Q

-metry

A

process of measuring

74
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

75
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing

76
Q

per-

A

through

77
Q

inter-

A

between

78
Q

podiatry

A

healthcare profession specializing in diagnosis and treatment of foot and lower leg disorders

79
Q

arthralgia

A

joint pain

80
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of bursa

81
Q

callus

A

the mass of bone tissue that forms at a fracture site during its healing

82
Q

chondromalacia

A

softening of the cartilage

83
Q

crepitaton

A

the noise produced by bones or cartilage rubbing together in conditions such as arthritis

84
Q

ostealgia

A

bone pain

85
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of bone and bone marrow

86
Q

synovitis

A

inflammation of synovial membrane

87
Q

closed fracture

A

fracture in which there is no open skin wound (simple fracture)

88
Q

Colles’ fracture

A

a common wrist fracture

89
Q

comminuted fracture

A

fracture in which the bone is shattered, splintered, or crushed into many small pieces or fragments.

90
Q

compound fracture

A

fracture in which the bone has broken through the skin (open fracture)

91
Q

compression frature

A

fracture involving loss of height of vertebral body.

92
Q

greenstick fracture

A

fracture in which there is an incomplete break; one side of bone is broken and the other side is bent. Commonly found in children

93
Q

impacted fracture

A

fracture in which bone fragments are pushed into each other

94
Q

oblique fracture

A

fracture at an angle to the bone

95
Q

pathological fracture

A

fracture caused by disease or weakened bone

96
Q

spiral fracture

A

fracture in which the fracture line spirals around the shaft of the bone

97
Q

stress fracture

A

a slight fracture caused by repetitive low-impact forces, like running.

98
Q

transverse fracture

A

complete fracture that is straight across the bone at right angels to the long axis of the bone

99
Q

chondroma

A

a tumor that forms in cartilage, usually benign

100
Q

Ewing’s sarcoma

A

malignant growth found in the shaft of long bones that spreads through the periosteum.

101
Q

exostosis

A

a bony, outward projection from the surface of a bone; also a bone spur

102
Q

myeloma

A

a tumor that forms in bone marrow tissue

103
Q

osteochondroma

A

a tumor, usually benign, that consists of both bone and cartilage tissue

104
Q

osteogenic sarcoma

A

the most common type of bone cancer. usually begins in osteocytes found at the ends of long bones

105
Q

osteomalacia

A

softening of bones caused by calcium deficiency

106
Q

osteopathy

A

a general term for bone disease

107
Q

osteoporosis

A

decrease in bone mass producing a thinning and weakening of the bone

108
Q

Paget’s disease

A

a fairly common metabolic disease of the bone from unknown causes

109
Q

rickets

A

deficiency in calcium and vitamin D found in early childhood that results in bone deformities like bowed legs

110
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

inflammatory spinal condition resembling rheumatoid arthritis

111
Q

herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)

A

herniated or protrusion of an invertebral disk

112
Q

kyphosis

A

abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine known as hump back

113
Q

lordosis

A

abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine (swayback)

114
Q

scoliosis

A

abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

115
Q

spina bifida

A

congenital anomaly occurring when a vertebra fails to fully form around spinal cord

116
Q

spinal stenosis

A

narrowing of the spinal canal causing pressure on the cord and nerves

117
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

the forward sliding of a lumbar vertebra over the vertebra below it

118
Q

spondylosis

A

refers to ankylosing of the spine

119
Q

bunion

A

inflammation of the bursa of the first metatarsophalangeal joint

120
Q

subluxation

A

an incomplete dislocation, the joint alignment is disrupted

121
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus

A

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of connective tissues affecting many systems that may include joint pain and arthritis.

122
Q

talipes

A

congenital deformity causing misalignment of the ankle joint and foot (clubfoot)

123
Q

arthrogram

A

X-ray record of a joint

124
Q

arthrography

A

process of X-raying a joint

125
Q

DXA

A

dual energy absorptiometry (measurement of bone density)

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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