Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

7th Science Chapter 5 > Ch 9 > Flashcards

Ch 9 Flashcards

1
Q

List four types of scales and describe their shape

A

Placoid: look like teeth
Ganoid: look like diamonds
Cycloid: scales which are round
Ctenoid: round with sharp barbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What group of sensory organs do fish possess the land animals lack

A

Optic Lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What organ allows the fish to float at different depths

A

Swimbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are two ways that fish produced light

A

Photophore: a light producing organ
Or
Bioluminescent bacteria that are capable of glowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the structure of a fish’s gills

A

Each gill is made of an arch from which two rows of long narrow gill filaments branch. As the fish takes in water through its mouth, the water is filtered by the gill filaments before exiting the gill slits. A hard, movable plate called the operculum protects and covers all this delicate anatomy. As the water passes through the gill cavity, the gill filaments remove over 80% of the oxygen in the water. Fish are more efficient at extracting oxygen from their environment than any other oxygen breathing animal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Into what two groups are bony fish divided based on their fins?

A

Ray finned fish

Lobe-finned fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Identify the two classes of fish and give two examples from each class

A

Chondrichthyes: rays
Cyclostomata: hagfish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the name for the scales that cover a sharks body

A

Denticles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

List two differences between true rays and skates

A

True rays do not have the dorsal fins and long noses

Skates have dorsal fins and long nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the name for the sawfish’s unusual nose

A

Rostrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the differences between the three types of chimeras’ noses

A

Short nosed chimaeras are called ratfish because of the rounded or cone shaped noses
Plow nosed chimaeras are called elephantfish because of their trunk like noses
Long nosed chimaeras have a long pointed or paddle shaped noses and are often called spook fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

This is the reason the hagfish produces slime

A

The slime is produced and when mixed with seawater makes the coding so the hagfishes almost impossible to hold. It also can suffocate pray, ward off predators, and line burrow walls.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

This is the name for scientists who study reptiles and amphibians.

A

Herpetologists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name the largest lizard and the smallest lizard.

A

The Komodo Dragon is the largest at 10 feet; the gecko is the smallest at .6 inch.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

This is the transparent I covering of a gecko

A

Spectacle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The four methods of snake locomotion

A

Lateral undulation
Rectilinear movement
Concertina movement
Sidewinding movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

For what does a snake it use it Jacobson’s organ?

A

Smelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name three design features the snake has that help it to eat large meals

A

Unhinged jaws
The trachea moves forward to keep breathing occurring while eating
The snake produces quite a lot gastric juice to digest bones and teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the two types of snake venom and which parts of the body do they affect?

A

Neurotoxic that attacks the nervous system, causing blindness and paralyzing the diaphragm
Hemotoxic this venom affects the circulatory system causing red blood cells to burst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

This is the name for scientists who study reptiles and amphibians

A

Herpetologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

This is the largest lizard.

This is the smallest lizard.

A

The Komodo dragon

the gecko Jaragua Sphaero

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

These are the four methods of snake locomotion

A

Sidewinding
lateral undulation
rectilinear and
concertina movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

This is the transplant I covering of a gecko

A

Spectacle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does a snake use its Jacobson’s organ for?

A

Smelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Three design features the snake has that help at eat large meals

A

The jaw unhinges to open wider
The trachea moves up to make room for the prey going into the throat
Skin stretches to accommodate the large amount of food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the two types of snake venom in which parts of the body do they affect?

A

Neurotoxic - affecting the nervous system causing blindness and paralysis of the diaphragm until the victim suffocates
Hemotoxic - affecting the circulatory system causing the red blood cells to burst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the three come in groups of turtles mentioned in the text question

A

Freshwater turtles
marine turtles and
terrestrial turtles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

These are the four types of crocodilian

A

Crocodiles
alligators
Gavial
Caiman

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

This is the function of the parietal eye.

A

To detect light and dark used as a solar radiation detector telling the tuataras when to seek shelter from the sun

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

These are the differences between a sauropod and a theropod

A

Theropods were carnivorous
Had huge jaws with 6 inch
curved cerrrated and
strong teeth designed for tearing flesh
Walked on two legs
Could reach 50 feet long and weigh more
than five tons
sauropods were herbivorous
Had leaf shaped teeth
walked on giant elephantine legs
70 to 100 feet long and weighed almost
100 tons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the three groups of amphibians?

A

Anurans
salamanders
caecilians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are the requirements for an animal to be a tetrapod?

A

Possessing for legs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Define metamorphosis

A

The changing of an immature hatchling which does not resemble it’s parents into an adult which looks like others of that species. It transforms an aquatic larva into a terrestrial adult.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the group to which both roads frogs belong?

A

Anurans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the name for a frog or toad larva?

A

Tadpoles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Why are caecilians rarely seen?

A

They are burrowing creatures and are aquatic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What are annuli?

A

Skin folds or rings on a caecilian’s body that attach directly to the underlying muscle and contains keratin to harden it, ensuring it does not peel off as it rubs against rough dirt.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

This term refers to an inguanid’s throat fan

A

Dewlap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The largest group of snakes

A

Colubrids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

The tooth like scales found on sharks

A

Scutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

The term for the process whereby a mother caecilian grows a new layer of fat every three days to feed her young

A

Dermatophagy

42
Q

Frogs and toads are placed into this group

A

Anurans

43
Q

The turtles upper shell that covers it back

A

Carapace

44
Q

This is not considered a chimaera family

A

Large-nosed chimaera

45
Q

The breathing openings that sharks and rays have behind their eyes

A

Spiracles

46
Q

Scientists base the three main categories of salamanders on this characteristic

A

Reproduction

47
Q

The group that true rays, electric rays, skates and sawfish are classified in

A

Baronies

48
Q

A scientist who studies fish

A

Ichthyologist

49
Q

A “square” on a turtles shell is called this

A

Scythe

50
Q

In which type of movement does a snake follow and S shaped path by exerting force against surface irregularities?

A

Lateral undulation

51
Q

This group contains amphibians with lung bodies and no limbs

A

Caecilian’s

52
Q

The protective layer that surrounds the nutrient filled egg in a reptile

A

Amnion

53
Q

This organism has slime glands that help create a slippery toting around

A

Hagfish

54
Q

The lizard like reptile with a parietal eye

A

Tuatara

55
Q

The organ used by snakes to detect scent molecules

A

Jacobson’s

56
Q

The gecko’s transparent eye cover

A

Spectacle

57
Q

Color-containing cells that control a reptile’s ability to change color

A

Chromatophores

58
Q

The Oregon used by snakes to detect temperature

A

Pit organ

59
Q

The shark that has eyes on large wings on either side of its head

A

Hammerhead shark

60
Q

The general term for terrestrial (land-dwelling) turtles

A

Tortoises

61
Q

The term that refers to a medicine used to counteract venom

A

Anti-venin

62
Q

Which crocodilians have narrow snouts and a fourth lower tooth that shows when the job is closed?

A

Crocodiles

63
Q

The largest known fish

A

The whale shark

64
Q

The longest living animal

A

Tortoise

65
Q

The group of venomous snakes that has small, immovable fangs

A

Elwood’s

66
Q

The largest living lizard

A

Komodo dragon

67
Q

The type of venom that attacks the circulatory system

A

Hemotoxic venom

68
Q

The process by which amphibians change from aquatic larvate to terrestrial adults

A

Metamorphosis

69
Q

The worlds smallest snakes

A

Blind snakes

70
Q

Larvae of frogs and toads

A

Tadpoles

71
Q

Herpetologist study these two creatures

A

Reptiles and amphibians

72
Q

Animals that possess four legs

A

Tetrapods

73
Q

On sandy ground, a snake moves using this method, in which it supports its body at several points while moving the rest in the direction of motion

A

Sidewinding movement

74
Q

Animals that use external means to regulate temperature

A

Cold – blooded

75
Q

Fish eggs are known as

A

Roe

76
Q

Hard, movable plate covering a fish’s gills

A

Operculum

77
Q

Fin made of a single bone surrounded by muscle

A

Loved

78
Q

This allows fish to stay suspended in water

A

Swim bladder

79
Q

Protective case that sharks lay their eggs in

A

Mermaid’s purse

80
Q

W shaped band of skeletal muscle

A

Myomere

81
Q

Fin located on the side of the fish and behind its gills

A

Pectoral fin

82
Q

Prominent fin on top of a fish

A

Dorsal fin

83
Q

A fish’s tail fin

A

Caudal fin

84
Q

A sawfish’s long and unusual nose

A

Rostrum

85
Q

Describe the metamorphosis of a frog

A

Hind legs begin to develop; the front legs form after the hind legs.

During the leg growth, the tail begins to shrink.

The digestive system begins to shrinking.

The tadpole develops lungs.

Once the tail is completely absorbed, the tadpole, now called a froglet, is capable of leaving the water.

86
Q

How was England different from most of Europe in the late in the 19th century? For what four things is England noted in the 19th century?

A

England became a leading nation because of the Industrial Revolution and spread Christianity to other lands as well.
England was noted for progress toward more representative government, establishment of religious toleration, and the growth of the British Empire. It was also known for the reign of Queen Victoria, the longest ruling monarch in English history.

87
Q

Who is the longest ruling monarch in English history? What did she read dog when she discovered she might become queen?

A

Queen Victoria

She resolved to be good. Her reign would be different.

88
Q

Who is Queen Victoria’s husband? Which prime minister had the greatest influence on her?

A

Prince Albert

Benjamin Disraeli

89
Q

What was the secret of Victorian England’s greatness?

A

The Bible

90
Q

Whom did the Liberals represent in 1850?
Whom did the conservatives represent in 1850?
And who was the leader of the Liberals?
Who is the leader of the conservatives?

A

The middle class of the Industrial Age
Nobility another wealthy people
William Gladstone was the Liberal leader
Benjamin Disraeli was the conservative leader

91
Q

What key issue has always prevented peace between England and Ireland?

A

Religion. England was protestant and Ireland was Catholic. They disagreed for years and years.

92
Q

Into what two sections was Ireland divided in the 20th century? What are they called today

A

Irish Free State and Northeast Ulster then

Ireland and Northern Ireland today

93
Q

Explain the economic, religious, and patriotic factors of the expansion of the British Empire. What three words some of these factors?

A

The colonies supplied Britain with wealth and power. Britain shared with her colonies Christianity, technology, representative government, and reform. The words that some of these factors are gold, God, and glory.

Economic factors – capitalism began and businessmen wanted raw materials to fuel industries and open markets and investment opportunities

Religious factors – Englishmen promoted missions so much that the 19th century became the Great Century of Missions

Patriotic factors – Britons we’re very proud of their queen, their flag, their fleet, and their empire. Others followed the growth of the empire and began to love the country also.

94
Q

Identify these things

A

Victorian age Oxford Movement Act of Union Catholic Emancipation Act

95
Q

Who was called the father of homeless waves and why?

A

George Mueller

96
Q

Who founded the Salvation Army and what was its purpose?

A

William Booth

It’s purpose was to minister to people and convert them to Christianity.

97
Q

Why was the YMCA founded and what do the initials stand for?

A

It was founded “to aid the improvement of the spiritual condition of young men.”
Young Men’s Christian Association

98
Q

Who lead in the founding of the international Red Cross? Who lead in the founding of the American National Red Cross?

A

Jean-Henri Dunant

Clara Barton

99
Q

Who is called the Prince of preachers? What was the name of his church?

A

Charles Haddon Spurgeon

Metropolitan Tabernacle

100
Q

Identify these people

A

Sir George Williams
Florence Nightingale
Gipsy Smith

7th Science Chapter 5 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions